形容词进入动结式作补语的认知语义基础  

The Cognitive-semantic Foundation for Adjective to Enter the Verb-resultative Construction

作　　者：刘振平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南洋理工大学国立教育学院,新加坡637616

出　　处：《汉语学习》2014年第2期32-39,共8页Chinese Language Learning

摘　　要：动结式在语义结构上由两个分别以"动"和"结"为谓词的表述构成,两个表述之间存在致使性因果关系。这样的语义结构决定了形容词进入其中作补语的条件是:具有"动后而现"、"非恒定"、"非初始"的语义特征;存在一个动词作为谓词构成的致使事件;具有作为谓词构成表述的能力。单音节形容词比双音节形容词更易满足这三个条件,因而更易进入其中。首先,单音节形容词所表性状简单、量幅大而更易"动后而现"。其次,"动"亲和动性强、常见的活动类动词,单音节动词是其典型成员;而单音节形容词与单音节动词的认知距离近,依据相邻原则和相似原则,两者更易组合。而且,它们的组合构成一个标准音步。The verb-resultative construction is composed by two narratives. which semantically are take‘cerb’and ‘resultative’as their predicate.The two narratives ate normally connected by causative cause-result relationship. This type of semantic construction requires that the precondi-tions for adjective to serve as complement are：in semantics it has some features such as‘to appear after the action＇,‘ inconstant＇, and ‘ posteriori ＇ ; existing a causative event which uses verbs as predicate;it has the potential to describe things when used as predicate. Since mono- syllabic adjectives are more plausible to meet these conditions than that of disyllabic adjec- tive,thus the former is more opt being used in the construction. This is because,firstly,the monosyllabic adjectives more often coming as tend to modify simple and magnitude phenomenon,they are thereby ‘ to appear after the action＇ ;secondly,the‘ verb＇ manifests the high degree of dynamic of the verb,and monosyllabic verb are the typical members falling into this cate-gory;on the other hand,because the cognitive distance between monosyllabic adjective and verb is close,according to the proximity principle and similarity principle,they are more likely to come together Moreover,their combination can form a standard foot.Abstract： The verb-resultative construction is col by two narratives,which semantically take ‘verb＇ and ‘resultative＇as their predicate. The two narratives are normally connected by causative cause-result relationship. This type of semantic construction requires that the precondi- tions for adjective to serve as complement are：in semantics it has some features such as＇to appear after the action＇, ＇ inconstant＇, and ＇ posteriori ＇ ; existing a causative event which uses verbs as predicate;it has the potential to describe things when used as predicate. Since mono- syllabic adjectives are more plausible to meet these conditions than that of disyllabic adjec- tive,thus the former is more opt being us

关 键 词：形容词 动结式 补语 认知语义 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]