罗曼蛋鸡对菜籽粕代谢能和氨基酸利用率的评定  

Assessment of Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Availability of Rapeseed Meal for Lohmann Laying Hens

作　　者：惠明弟[1] 贾刚[1] 范斌[1] 张克英[1] 丁雪梅[1] 吴秀群[1] 吴彩梅[1] 陈小玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,农业部动物抗病营养与饲料重点实验室,雅安625014

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第4期893-907,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：四川省优质蛋鸡现代产业链关键技术集成研究与产业化示范(2011NZ0073);四川农业大学双支计划

摘　　要：摘要：本研究旨在评定罗曼蛋鸡在产蛋期间对不同来源菜籽粕的代谢能（ME）和氨基酸的利用率（AAA），并探讨利用近红外反射光谱（NIRS）预测其生物效价的可能性。试验选用40周龄平均体重为（1．71±0．12）kg的罗曼蛋鸡248只，随机分成31个处理，每个处理8个重复，每个重复1只鸡。31个处理分别饲喂基础饲粮和用30种不同来源的菜籽粕所配制的试验饲粮，采用全收粪法进行代谢试验，用套算法测定30种不同来源菜籽粕的ME和AAA，并利用菜籽粕的NIRS建立其生物效价的预测模型。结果表明：1）采用套算法进行蛋鸡代谢试验时，罗曼蛋鸡产蛋率维持在（89．30±0．06）％，其蛋品质基本正常；2）蛋鸡饲喂不同来源菜籽粕的ME为（13．93±1．98）MJ／kg，变化范围为9．51～17．22MJ／kg；3）不同来源菜籽粕的必需氨基酸苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸和赖氨酸的利用率分别为（79．07±4．73）％、（90．11±2．51）％、（87．22．4±3．36）％、（89．40±3．63）％、（93．59±1．92）％、（93．19±2．23）％和（87．59-t-3．39）％；4）利用NIRS建立ME和AAA预测模型，其ME最佳预测模型的∥为98．37％，必需氨基酸苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸和赖氨酸所对应预测模型的R。分别为99．61％、99．00％、99．12％、97．49％、99．21％、99．44％和98．47％。综上所述，使用“套算法＋全收粪法”评定罗曼蛋鸡在产蛋期对不同来源菜籽粕的生物效价时并不会显著影响蛋鸡的产蛋率和鸡蛋物理特性；而不同来源菜籽粕间的ME和部分氨基酸的利用率有不同程度的差异；同时，使用NIRS能够较准确地建立ME和部分氨基酸的利用率的预测模型。This study was conducted to determine the metabolizable energy （ME） and amino acid availability （AAA） of rapeseed meal （RSM） from different sources for Lohmann laying hens, and to explore the possibil- ities of using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy （NIRS） to predict the biological potency of RSM. A total of two hundred and forty-eight forty-week-old Lohmann laying hens with an average body weight of （ 1.71 ±0.12 ） kg were placed in metabolic cages and randomly divided into 31 treatments, and each treatment was al- lotted to 8 replicates, with 1 hen in each replicate. The 31 treatments were fed a basal diet and 30 experiment diets that were composed of 30 kinds of RSM from different sources of China, respectively. The ME and AAA of 30 kinds of RSM were measured by the method of substitution, and the predictive models of bioavailability potency were established by NIRS. The results showed as follows ： 1 ） the results of the method of substitution for metabolic experiments determined that when the laying rate was maintained at （89.30 ± 0.06 ）%, egg quality remained normal; 2 ） The ME of RSM from different sources was （ 13.93 ±1.98 ） MJ/kg, ranging from 9.51 MJ/kg to 17.22 MJ/kg; 3） The AAA of RSM from different sources about essential amino acids such asThr, lie, Leu, Phe, His, Arg, Lys were （79.07±4. 73）%, （90. 11 ±2.51）%, （87.22 ±3.36）%, （89.40±3.63）%, （93.59±1.92）%, （93.19±2.23）% and （87.59±3.39）%, respective- ly; 4） When MRS was used to establishing ME and AAA prediction model , the R2 of the best prediction model of ME was 98.37%, and the R2 of the best prediction model of AAA, such as Thr, Ile, Leu, Phe, His, Arg, and Lys corresponding prediction model were 99.61%, 99.00%, 99.12%, 97.49%, 99.21%, 99.44% and 98.47%, respectively. In conclusion, using the methods of ＇ substitution ＋ total feces collec- tion＇ to assess the bioavailability of RSM from different sources in Lohmann laying hens during laying period does not signi

关 键 词：菜籽粕 产蛋鸡 代谢能 氨基酸利用率 近红外反射光谱 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]