汶川地震极重灾区公众减灾意识调查分析  

Survey and Analysis on Public Awareness of Disaster Reduction in the Severest Disaster Areas of 5. 12 Wenchuan Earthquake

作　　者：陈容[1,2] 崔鹏[1] 苏志满[1] 李云贵[3] 曾超[1,2] 余健[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室/中国科学院.水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]四川省地质环境监测总站,四川成都610071 [4]成都理工大学,四川成都610059

出　　处：《灾害学》2014年第2期228-233,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国际科学理事会灾害风险综合研究计划中国委员会(IRDR-CHINA)项目(IRDR2012-Y01);中国科学院成都教育基地研究生社会实践专项资助

摘　　要：采用问卷调查和入户深入访谈的方式了解汶川8.0级地震极重灾区都江堰市虹口乡和紫坪铺镇11个村的群众减灾意识、减灾需求和建议,并从性别、年龄、文化程度三个方面分析比较减灾行为倾向,初步反映汶川地震灾后重建4年后极重灾区民众的山地灾害减灾意识状况。调查结果表明:多数被调查者的减灾意识较强,尤其是接受过减灾培训的地质灾害监测员和群众,但也反映大部分群众尤其是中青年对二次灾害存在侥幸心理,对避灾技能的理解还有待加强,社区减灾能动性有待进一步发挥。最后结合当地实际提出改进防灾避险明白卡、注重宣传培训效果,强化民众减灾意识,充分调动群众减灾能动性和完善风险沟通协调机制等对策和建议,从而为有关部门开展山地灾害防治的宣传培训提供参考,同时为促进社区减灾提供社会心理依据。In order to comprehend people＇s perception regarding hazards, risk, vulnerability and resilience as well as demand of disaster reduction, we used questionnaires and in-depth interviews in rural communities of Du- jiangyan City, Sichuan Province and comparison of behavioral tendencies by gender, age and degree of education. The survey results showed that the majority of respondents could identify their exposure to potential mountain haz- ards threats, with relatively strong disaster risk awareness, especially these who have received disaster reduction trainings. The results reflected some pparticipants thought they were lucky to avoid secondary disasters, especially the young and middle-aged; the understanding of disaster prevention skills should be strengthened. Wharfs more, there has great potential to mobilize people for disaster risk reduction. Combining with local practical situation, this article proposes following countermeasures, including improvement ways and methods of trainings, reinforcement public awareness and initiative of disaster prevention, reinforcement risk communication and coordination between local government and public. These countermeasures would provide psychosocial basis for activities on mountain disaster risk reduction.

关 键 词：汶川地震 极重灾区 山地灾害 减灾意识 社区减灾 问卷调查 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]