出土战国文献中“不”和“弗”的区别  

The negative adverbs bu(不) and fu(弗) in the unearthed texts of The Warring States period

作　　者：张玉金[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学文学院

出　　处：《中国语文》2014年第3期268-277,288,共10页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：出土战国文献中否定副词"不"和"弗"的根本区别,在于它们的否定功能不同。当否定范围内的谓语中心是名词、代词、形容词、不及物动词、关系及物动词、被动态及物动词时,都要用"不"否定;当谓语中心是非被动态非关系及物动词时,则主要用"弗"否定,有时也可用"不"否定。"弗"和"不"虽有区别,但两者互相侵入了对方的一些领地。"不"和"弗"的种种差异,都可从否定功能的不同加以解释。Based on the data of the unearthed texts of Warring States period,this paper finds that there is a functional difference between the negative adverb bu(不) and fu(弗).Bu is concerned with negating nominal,pronominal,adjeetive,intransitive-verb,relation-transitive-verb or passivetransitive-verb predicates.When negating other transitive verbs,fu is preferred,although bu can also be found occasionally.This functional difference is fundamental in explaining other varieties of differences between the two negatives.

关 键 词：出土战国文献 不 弗 区别 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]