基于质谱的蛋白质组学技术在神经退行性疾病生物标志物研究中的应用  

Advances of mass spectrometry based proteomics in biomarker research in neurodegenerative diseases

作　　者：吕俊鸟 郑良珺 王青松[1] 纪建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生命科学学院蛋白质与植物基因研究国家重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2014年第5期761-770,共10页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

摘　　要：蛋白质组学是在整体水平上研究细胞、组织或生物体蛋白质组成及变化规律的科学.与传统的生物学研究相比,蛋白质组学具有快速、灵敏、高通量的优点.神经退行性疾病是一类由神经系统内特定神经细胞的进程性病变或丢失而导致神经功能障碍的疾病,严重危害人类健康.近年来,基于质谱的蛋白质组学技术在神经退行性疾病的研究中得到了广泛应用.本文简要介绍了蛋白质组学在样品分离、多肽定量、质谱检测及生物标志物临床验证等方面的技术发展,并结合实例综述了基于质谱的蛋白质组学在神经退行性疾病生物标志物发现与验证中的研究进展.Proteomics is the research focused on the composition and expression changes of proteins in cells, tissues or organisms at a large scale. Compared to the traditional biological research, proteomics possesses the advantages of fastness, high sensitivity and high throughput. Neurodegenerative diseases are a kind of disorders characterized by the progressive impairment or loss of specific neuronal cells that eventually leads to neurological dysfunctions. In recent years, mass spectrometry based proteomic technologies have been widely applied in the research of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we briefly summarize the technological development of proteomic technologies including sample separation, peptide quantification, mass spectrum detection and clinical validation of biomarkers, accompanied by examples to demonstrate the research advances of mass spectrometry based proteomics in biomarker discovery and validation in neurodegenerative diseases.

关 键 词：蛋白质组学 质谱检测 神经退行性疾病 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] O657.63[医药卫生—临床医学]