Molecular biology of high-grade gliomas: what should the clinician know?  

作　　者：Silvia Hofer Elisabeth Rushing Matthias Preusser Christine Marosi 

机构地区：[1]Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Zürich,Zürich, Switzerland [2]Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zürich,Zürich, Switzerland [3]Department of Medicine Ⅰ, Clinical Division of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center CNS Unit, Medical University of Vienna,Vienna, Austria

出　　处：《Chinese Journal of Cancer》2014年第1期4-7,共4页

摘　　要：The current World Health Organization classification system of primary brain tumors is solely based on morphologic criteria. However, there is accumulating evidence that tumors with similar histology have distinct molecular signatures that significantly impact treatment response and survival. Recent practice-changing clinical trials have defined a role for routine assessment of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase(MGMT) promoter methylation in glioblastoma patients, especially in the elderly, and 1p and 19q codeletions in patients with anaplastic glial tumors. Recently discovered molecular alterations including mutations in IDH-1/2, epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), and BRAF also have the potential to become targets for future drug development. This article aims to summarize current knowledge on the molecular biology of high-grade gliomas relevant to daily practice.The current World Health Organization classification system of primary brain tumors is solely based on morphologic criteria. However, there is accumulating evidence that tumors with similar histology have distinct molecular signatures that significantly impact treatment response and survival. Recent practice-changing clinical trials have defined a role for routine assessment of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase （MGMT） promoter methylation in glioblastoma patients, especially in the elderly, and lp and 19q codeletions in patients with anaplastic glial tumors. Recently discovered molecular alterations including mutations in IDH-1/2, epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）, and BRAF also have the potential to become targets for future drug development. This article aims to summarize current knowledge on the molecular biology of high-grade gliomas relevant to daily practice.

关 键 词：分子生物学 临床试验 胶质瘤 DNA甲基转移酶 表皮生长因子受体 世界卫生组织 医师 甲基鸟嘌呤 

分 类 号：R739.4[医药卫生—肿瘤]