农田高效砷氧化侧胞短芽胞杆菌的分离、鉴定及其对水稻砷毒害的修复作用  

Isolation and characterization of Brevibacillus laterosporus from the paddy soil and its renovation for paddy rice seedling stressed by arsenite

作　　者：杨孝军[1] 黄怡[1] 邱宗清[1] 白云凤[1] 郭玉清[1] 林志华[1] 何海斌[1] 杨桂娣[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第2期172-177,共6页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：福建省高等学校新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助(JA10093);福建省科技厅项目资助(2013Y0005;2010J01112);2013福建省大学生创新性实验项目(201310389061)

摘　　要：采用梯度富集、硝酸银试验、砷形态转化测定、16S rDNA,T-RFLP等方法,从中分离、鉴定出具有高效氧化三价砷[As(Ⅲ)]功能的砷氧化细菌,优化了砷氧化细菌的最佳培养条件,并以"汕优63"水稻为研究材料,水培种植,探讨As(Ⅲ)胁迫下该菌株对苗期水稻生长的修复作用及机制.结果表明,福州农田水稻土中分离出的高效砷氧化菌为侧胞短芽胞杆菌,最佳培养条件为:4-羟基苯甲酸作碳源、蛋白胨作氮源、pH 8.0、培养温度25℃.最佳培养条件下,该菌株在10h内能将200mg·L^(-1)的As(Ⅲ)氧化为五价砷[As(V)].As(Ⅲ)胁迫下,水培液0.25%(体积分数)接种该菌株并调控7d后,苗期水稻根长恢复率为(99.06±0.05)%,株高恢复率为(97.72±0.05)%,明显高于未接种该菌株的根长恢复率(71.73±0.06)%和株高恢复率(88.06±0.03)%,对苗期水稻As(Ⅲ)毒害具有显著修复效果。砷形态分析结果表明,0.25%接种侧胞短芽胞杆菌后,苗期水稻水培液的As(Ⅲ)完全转化为As(V),但是,未接种侧胞短芽胞杆菌水培液的As(Ⅲ)只有74%转化为As(V).A highly As（ Ⅲ ）-oxidizing bacterium was isolated and identified by gradient enrichment, AgNO3 test, As（ Ⅲ）-transfor- marion, 16S rDNA and T-RFLP from paddy soil in Fuzhou, China. In addition, the optimal growth conditions of the isolated bacte- rium were optimized and its renovation activities and mechanism for the rice seedling of Shanyou63 stressed by As（ Ⅲ ） were investi- gated through hydroponic cultivation. The results showed that the isolated bacterium was BrevibaciUus/aterosporus, its optimal growth conditions were as follows： 4-hydroxy benzoic acid as carbon source, peptone as nitrogen source, pH 8.0 and temperature 25℃, it could oxidize 200 mg As（ III） · L^-1 into arsenate [ As（ V ） ] within 10 hours under its optimal growth conditions. The recovery rate of mot length and plant height of Shanyou63 was （99.06 ±0.05）% and （97.72 ±0.05）%, respectively, stressed by As（Ⅲ） and regulated for 7 days by Brevibacillus laterosporus （0.23% inoculation, volume fraction）, much higher than the recovery rate of mot length （71.73 ± 0.06 ）% and plant height （88.06 ± 0.03 ）% , not regulated by Brevibacillus laterosporus, greatly reducing the tox- icity of As（ Ⅲ ） for rice seedling. The results from the As（ Ⅲ ）-transformation of hydroponic solution showed that As（Ⅲ ） had been completely oxidized into As（ V ） after Brevibacillus Laterosporus was inoculated into the hydroponic solution of rice seedling, however, only 74% As（Ill） was oxidized into As（ V ） without its inoculation.

关 键 词：As(Ⅲ)毒害 水稻 侧胞短芽胞杆菌 16S RDNA T-RFLP 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]