418例基底细胞癌病例临床病理特点回顾分析  

Retrospective analysis for clinical and histopathological characteristics of basal cell carcinoma in 418 patients

作　　者：陈自学[1,2] 周美杉 涂平[1] 李雪迎[3] 杨淑霞[1] 黄远深[1] 李航[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院皮肤科,北京100034 [2]郑州市中心医院皮肤科,郑州450007 [3]北京大学第一医院医学统计室,北京100034

出　　处：《北京大学学报（医学版）》2014年第2期195-199,共5页Journal of Peking University:Health Sciences

基　　金：北京市优秀人才培养基金(2010D009001000002)资助~~

摘　　要：目的:探讨中国人群基底细胞癌临床和病理特征。方法:回顾基底细胞癌病例的临床及病理资料并进行统计分析。结果:共收集418个病例,男女比例为0.77∶1,平均年龄(65.39±13.51)岁。年龄小于60岁的病例占29%,其中男女比例为1.16∶1。分析病理亚型,结节型占81.8%,其次是浅表型(9.8%),剩余病理亚型所占比例小于10%。头面部肿瘤发生最多(86.6%),硬斑病样型全部分布于头面部,多数结节型也位于头面部,其他亚型常见于躯干和四肢。86.6%肿瘤有色素沉着,80.4%无溃疡表现。比较临床与病理诊断符合率,头面(84.7%)和躯干(79.1%)均高于四肢(46.2%)。结论:多数临床病理特征与高加索人群相似,值得关注和研究的特点有:中青年患者占有相当比例,该人群性别比例与老年人群不同;多数肿瘤有色素沉着,但溃疡发生率较低;多发基底细胞癌病例较少;皮脂腺痣并发基底细胞癌的患者年龄较大。临床与病理诊断符合率的研究提示无论从医生角度还是患者角度,都应加强对基底细胞癌的关注。Objective：To investigate the clinical and histopathological characteristics of basal cell carcinoma （BCC） in Chinese patients. Methods： Clinical and pathological data of BCC confirmed by histology from 2010 to 2012 in Peking University First Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results： Among 418 patients enrolled, the male/female ratio was 0.77 ： 1. The average age was （65.39 ＋ 13.51 ） years. Among the patients younger than 60 years who occupied 29% of all the cases, the male/female ratio was 1.16 ： 1. In terms of the histology subtypes of the BCCs, 81.8% were nodular, followed by su- perficial （9.8%） , and the others were in very small proportion. The head and face were the most com- mon sites of BCC （86.6%）. All morpheaform subtypes, and the majority of the nodular subtypes were located on the head and face, whereas the trunk and extremities were the most common locations for the others. Clinically, 86.6% of the BCC were pigmented and 80.4% were not ulcerated. The diagnostic accordance rates of BCC on the head and face （84.7%） and on the trunk （79.1%） were higher than those on the extremities （46.2%, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The most clinical and histopathological characteristics of our cases were similar to those of Caucasian. This study displays some unique characteristics. The young and middle aged patients occupied relative higher proportion, and their gender ration was different from that of the aged group. Tumor with hyperpigmentation was popular and few cases were ulcerated. In this study, multiple BCC cases were seldom, and the BCC patients with nevus sebaceous were older than those in other reports. The research of the diagnostic accordance rates of BCC revealed that both doctors and patients should pay more attention to BCC.

关 键 词：皮肤肿瘤 肿瘤 基底细胞 病理学 临床 

分 类 号：R739.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]