女性小说书写中的“以译代作”——兼论中西文化交流早期的一个倾向性问题  

“Substituting Translation for Creation” in Women's Novels:With the Discussion of a Tendency in Early Period of Cultural Exchange between China and the West

作　　者：郭延礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学文学与新闻传播学院

出　　处：《文史哲》2014年第3期5-17,165,共13页Literature,History,and Philosophy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"中国女性文学转型期(1900-1919)的文学创作及其文学史意义"(IIBZW085)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：20世纪第二个十年,中国女性小说创作出现了"以译代作"的文本,它是在中国近现代文学转型的语境中新文体诞生初期的一种文学产物。当时一些女性在创作时,受到西方文学作品中故事情节、人物形象和表现手法的影响,自觉或不自觉地借鉴西方文学作品。这个过程经历了由摹拟西方小说到"以译代作"的过程。这种现象的出现与"西学东渐"的深入发展和女性作家对西方小说阅读的深入密切相关。她们以阅读、翻译外国小说为手段,经过移植、过滤与改造,生成一种新的文本,并表现出本土化的特点。"以译代作"在思想观念上对近代女性小说具有一定的先导性和启蒙意义。它拓宽了向西方文学学习的渠道,有利于本土文学/文化的发展。此现象也曾出现于五四时期的新诗创作中。如果再往前追溯,在近代早期一些史地著作中亦见端倪。"以译代作"现象的出现,既是中西文化交流中一代知识精英积极、主动地追求真理、学习西方的自觉的行为方式,又是在西方强势文化影响下拓展文化/学术视野、促进本土文化/文学发展的一种新的探索和实践。In the 1910s,there emerged a trend of substituting translation for creation in novel writings by Chinese women,which was a product of a newborn style in the evolution of modern Chinese literature.At that time,Chinese women were influenced by the plots,characters,and rhetorical devices of Western literature when they wrote novels.This phenomenon was closely related to the deepening of the'introduction of Western learning to the East'as well as women writers'reading of Western novels,and ended with the trend of'substituting translation for creation.'They transplanted,filtered and remolded the Western novels into new texts which expressed localized characteristics.'Substituting translation for creation'was a guiding principle for modern women novels,as it broadened the way to learn from the Western literature,and benefited the development of local literature and culture.This phenomenon also appeared in the creation of new poetry during the May Fourth Movement,and even earlier,in the works on history and geography in early modern times.Its occurrence was both a conscious behavior that the generation of intellectual elites sought the truth and learnt from the West actively,and a new exploration and practice to broaden the cultural/academic perspective as well as promote the development of local culture/literature.

关 键 词：以译代作 隐性翻译 女性小说 白话诗 

分 类 号：I207.42[文学—中国文学]