娃娃脸效应:对婴儿面孔的偏好及过度泛化  

Babyface Effect:Babyface Preference and Overgeneralization

作　　者：窦东徽[1,2] 刘肖岑[3] 张玉洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学社会发展学院心理学系 [2]中央财经大学经济心理研究所,北京100081 [3]首都师范大学教育学院,北京100048

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2014年第5期760-772,共13页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：北京市教育科学规划青年专项项目(CFA13121)资助

摘　　要：娃娃脸效应是指由婴儿面孔特征(或婴儿图式)所引发的普遍、进化的社会认知反应,不仅包括对婴儿面孔的偏好性反应——如优先注意、关怀和照料的冲动,还包括对于具备婴儿图式的成年人、动物甚至非生命物体的泛化性反应,即认为这些对象具有与婴儿相似的特质并对其产生相应的态度和行为。娃娃脸效应的表现、影响因素及神经机制的相关研究证明了人类对于婴儿面孔特征的偏好性反应是一种本能释放机制,并为进化心理学中的亲代投资及性别选择理论提供了佐证。娃娃脸效应的文化差异以及实践应用可能是这一领域未来研究的主要方向。The babyface effect is a prevalent and evolutionary social-cognitive phenomenon induced by the babyface feature or baby scheme. This effect involves not only a preference to babies＇ faces including attention capture and impulsion of caregiving and feeding but also an overgeneralization effect to adults, animals and non-living things with similar babyface features. In this way any stimuli presenting baby-like stereotype can induce corresponding attitude and behaviors. Recent studies on the manifestation, mechanism and influencing factors of the babyface effect suggest that modern people＇s response to baby scheme is an innate releasing mechanism and provide evidences to evolutionary psychological theories such as parental investment and sexual selection. Future research should focus more on the cultural difference and the practical application of this effect.

关 键 词：娃娃脸效应 婴儿图式 对婴儿面孔的偏好 娃娃脸过度泛化效应 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] B842[哲学宗教—心理学]