气相色谱法分析植物油中的脂肪酸  

Study on the analysis of fatty acids in vegetable oils by gas chromatography

作　　者：李斌[1] 裘立群[1] 宋少芳[1] 高艾英 张昊 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学化学与材料科学学院,泰安271018 [2]山东省泰安市产品质量检验所,泰安271018

出　　处：《分析试验室》2014年第5期528-532,共5页Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20803044);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2009DM032)资助

摘　　要：确定了植物油脂肪酸进行气相色谱分析前合适的样品处理步骤及条件和最佳的气相色谱分析方法,对6种食用植物油进行了处理分析。样品前处理主要步骤及条件:约0.045g样品,先加入萃取剂苯-石油醚(2:1,V/V)2mL;然后用2mL 0.4mol/L KOH-CH3OH溶液作酯化剂,于60℃酯化30 min后,再用1.5mL 15%BF3-CH3OH(w t%)溶液作酯化剂,于50℃酯化40 min。由食用植物油样品甲酯化后进行GC分析可知,各类植物油中的脂肪酸均能得以甲酯化进行准确的定性、定量分析。Suitable steps and conditions of sample preparation for the analysis of fatty acids in vegetable oils by gas chromatography were determined and six kinds of vegetable oil samples were prepared using this method and analyzed by GC. The better steps and conditions of sample preparation were found as follows ： 2mL of mixture of benzene and petroleum ether （2/1, V/V） as an extractant was first added into about 0. 045g of vegetable oil sample; then using 2mL of 0. 4mol/L KOH-CH3 OH solution as the first methyl esterification reagent, the methyl esterification temperature and time were 60~C and 30min, respectively; using 1.5mL of 15% BF3-CH3OH solution（wt% ）as the second methyl esterification reagent, the methyl esterification temperature and time were 50℃ and 30min, respectively. GC analysis results of the methanol-esterified products of six kinds of vegetable oil samples showed that all fatty acids in different kinds of vegetable oils could be methanol-esterified and be analyzed quantitatively.

关 键 词：植物油 脂肪酸 甲酯化衍生 两步甲酯化 气相色谱法 

分 类 号：O657.7[理学—分析化学]