不同依恋类型大学生的心理品质和睡眠质量  

Mental Quality,Sleep Quality of College Students with Different Attachment Patterns

作　　者：郭梅英 张平[2] 张玉英 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学心理健康教育及咨询中心 [2]北京邮电大学学生处

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2014年第4期586-588,共3页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的探讨不同依恋类型对大学生攻击行为倾向、主观幸福感、非理性观念、控制倾向等心理品质和睡眠质量的影响。方法采用依恋类型测验、攻击行为问卷、主观幸福感测验、阿森斯失眠量表等对313名大学生进行调查。结果 73.1%的大学生为安全型依恋,19%为逃避型依恋,7.2%为矛盾型依恋,男女生在不同依恋类型上的人数分布未见显著差异(χ2=1.125,P>0.05);安全型依恋组的大学生在主观幸福感、控制感得分上显著高于逃避和矛盾型依恋组(t=3.213,5.267;P<0.001),而在攻击行为总分及4个子因子愤怒、敌意、躯体攻击、言语攻击,在抗压能力、非理性念及睡眠质量上均显著低于逃避和矛盾型依恋组(t=5.615,4.019,7.753,2.850,2.086,5.162,3.141,3.892;P<0.05,0.01或0.001);逃避和矛盾型依恋组的攻击行为水平倾向总分及4个子因子分与暴力罪犯群体未见显著差异(t=0.325,-0.926,0.883,1.254,-0.619;P>0.05)。结论大学生存在一定比例的逃避或矛盾型依恋类型,不安全依恋类型大学生会伴随较高的攻击倾向、较多的非理性观念、较低的主观幸福感和抗压能力、外控倾向和较差的睡眠质量。Objective To investigate the effects of attachment patterns of college students on aggression tendency, subjective well-be- ing,irrational beliefs, compressive ability, control type and sleep quality. Methods A total of 313 college students received the Test of Attachment Patterns ,the Aggression Questionnaire（ Revised edition） （AQ）, Subjective Well-being Inventory, control type etc. Results 73.1% of college students belonged to secure attachment, 19% belonged to avoidant attachment,7.2% belonged to anxious attachment. There was no significantly difference between sexes on the number of distributions（ X2 = 1. 125 ,P 〉 0.05 ）. The scores of subjective well- being and control type of secure attachment college students were significantly higher than the avoidant or anxious attachment＇（t = 3. 213, 5. 267 ;P 〈 0.001 ） ;The total score of AQ, the anger factor, the hostility factor, the physical aggression factor and the verbal aggression factor, the compressive ability,irrational beliefs and sleep quality of secure attachment college were significantly lower than the avoidant or anxious attachment＇（ t = 5. 615,4. 019,7. 753,2.850,2. 086,5. 162,3. 141,3. 892 ;P 〈 0. 05 ）. There were no significantly differences between avoidant or anxious attachment group and the criminals group in the total score of AQ, the anger factor, the hostility factor, the physical aggression factor and the verbal aggression factor（ t = 0.325, -0.926,0. 883,1. 254, -0.619 ; P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion There is avoidant or anxious attachment patterns in a certain extent in college students who show more aggression tendency, more irrational beliefs, less subjective well-being,lower coping ability,external control tendency and worse sleep quality.

关 键 词：依恋类型 攻击倾向 主观幸福感 非理性观念 控制 睡眠质量 大学生 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学] R749.7[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]