微藻食用油脂浸提溶剂的选择与分析  

Selection and Exploration of Different Solvents for Extraction of Microalgae Edible Oil

作　　者：王璐[1,2] 樊星[2,3] 张东梅[2] 孙中亮[2] 苏海佳[1] 丛威[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学北京市生物加工过程重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所生化工程国家重点实验室,北京100190 [3]北京工商大学食品学院,北京100048

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2014年第2期319-323,共5页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划基金资助项目(编号:2011BAD14B02);国家高技术研究发展计划(863)基金资助项目(编号:2014AA022002)

摘　　要：分别向微藻中加入6种常用溶剂,冰浴超声处理15 min,振荡浸提8 h,提取微藻中的油脂,考察了溶剂的浸提能力.结果表明,浸提干藻粉与湿藻泥中的油脂可选择不同溶剂,用正己烷浸提干藻粉中油脂,提取率可达71.52%,其中中性脂占75.86%,维生素含量E为1.63%,提取油脂后的藻渣中蛋白质、叶绿素和糖类的保留率分别为55.92%,61.33%和78.35%,营养成分保留率较高;用正己烷/乙醇混合溶剂浸提湿藻泥中油脂,提取率可达68.31%,其中中性脂占71.65%,维生素E含量为1.87%,提取油脂后的藻渣中蛋白质、叶绿素和糖类的保留率分别为60.56%,53.27%和80.20%.Microalgae oil was extracted by six solvents commonly used for oil extraction, respectively, with ice bath ultrasonication for 15 min and extraction 8 h. The extraction behavior of microalgae oil with different solvents was studied. The results showed that for extraction of the oil from microalgae powder, n-hexane showed a better effect, resulting in a higher extraction rate of 71.52%, the oil contained 75.86% neutral lipid and 1.63% vitamin E, and the residual rates of protein, chlorophyll and carbohydrate were 55.92%, 61.33% and 78.35%, respectively. For extraction of the oil from microalgae ooze, n-hexane/ethanol mixed solvent showed a better effect, resulting in a higher extraction rate of 68.31%, the oil contained 71.65% neutral lipid and 1.87% vitamin E, and the residual rates of protein, chlorophyll and carbohydrate were 60.56%, 53.27% and 80.20%, respectively.

关 键 词：微藻 油脂 浸提 溶剂 中性脂 维生素E 藻渣 

分 类 号：TS224.4[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]