无私有财产,无相互承认——试论黑格尔《精神现象学》的理论困境  

No Reciprocal Recognition without Private Property:The Theoretical Difficulty of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit

作　　者：陈浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《世界哲学》2014年第3期78-86,160,共9页World Philosophy

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金项目(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助;项目编号:14XNJ016)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：黑格尔《精神现象学》"自我意识"章所铺陈的承认理论,并非平等意义上的相互承认,而是基于奴役和压迫的单方面承认,并且这种单方面承认无法顺利上升为相互承认。引发这种困境的原因在于,不同个体之间要想实现相互承认,需要进入一个对于交往双方同时具备约束力的主体间性交往领域,"自我意识"章由于受制于不同个体之间缺乏中介的直接性交往关系,无法创造出相互承认所需要的主体间性交往领域。只是到了《法哲学原理》提出私有财产理论之后,黑格尔才真正找到了这一中介,创造出了相互承认所需要的主体间性交往领域,克服了单方面承认的难题。在这种意义上,我们可以说私有财产构成了相互承认的前提,无私有财产,则无相互承认。The recognition Hegel presents in chapter 'Self-Consciousness' in Phenomenology of Spirit is not reciprocal recognition in the normative sense,rather one-sided recognition based on force and coercion.This one-sided recognition is unable to achieve its transition to reeiproealrecognition due to the absence of an inter-subjective communicating sphere.In other words,onlythose individuals who can impose restriction on their inclinations and particularity could achieve reciprocal recognition,and only those who can enter an inter-subjective communicating sphere could conduct self-restriction.Unfortunately,there is no such sphere in Phenomenology of Spirit.Accordingly,we argue that Hegel cannot overcome the difficulty until his account of private property theory in the Element of Philosophy of Right.In this sense,we could say privateproperty constitutes the necessary premise of reciprocal recognition.There will be no reciprocal recognition without private property.

关 键 词：黑格尔 私有财产 主体间性交往领域 相互承认 

分 类 号：B516.35[哲学宗教—外国哲学]