唯物史观下当代文学批评中的“非民族”论批判  

Critique on Non-nation Theory in Contemporary Literary Criticism in Perspective of Historical Materialism

作　　者：胡俊飞[1] 李游[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]长江师范学院思想政治理论课教学科研部,重庆涪陵408100

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第3期123-129,共7页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"马克思主义文学批评的中国形态"(项目编号:11ZD078);华中师范大学优秀博士学位论文培育计划资助项目(一般)"马克思主义思想与当代中国文学批评"(项目编号:2013YBYB26)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：永生/消亡论、文化想象建构论和反现代性论是当代文学批评中"非民族"论的三种主要形态,它们均建立在非物质的历史虚无论基础上。"民族"是一种历史现象与历史范畴,不是一个仅在思想或情感层面抽象发生的存在,不是一种纯然"文化想象"与"象征建构"的产物,它的兴起是以特定社会历史条件为基础的,经济与政治因素是民族形成与演化中的决定性力量。那种认为民族在最近即将终结的论调与民族永生论一样,是缺乏历史依据的臆想。所有民族国家的建立均是现代性的具体表现形式,是人类获取全面解放征程中的前提条件与必要步骤,文艺的民族化与现代化实是相依互补而非对立割裂的同一问题的两个方面。个体与民族之间也是一种对立统一的辩证关系,不加辨析地认为民族必将阻挠人的现代化是一种武断偏颇之论。如同民族性并非与世俱来、天生正义一样,它也并不具有全然和永久的正当性,肯定民族性的同时不能走向将其圣化的另一极端。Eternity/extinction theory, cultural imagination constructivism and anti-modernity theory are three major forms of non-nation theory in contemporary literary criticism. Nation, as a historical phenomenon and a historical category, is neither merely an abstract existence in thought or emotion nor a product of pure cultural imagination and symholic construction. It rises from particular social and historical conditions and in its formation and evolution, economy and politics play a decisive role. Both theories of nation extinction and nation eternity are imaginations devoid of historical basis. All the nation states are specific forms of modernity and they are the prerequisite and necessary steps in the process of liberating all human beings. Nationalization and modernization form the two complementary aspects of culture. The dialectical relationship between individual and national unity is also a kind of unity of the opposites. The view that the nation will obstruct modernization of man is an arbitrary biased theory. Like nationalism which is not inborn, nor having natural justice, it also lacks complete and permanent legitimacy. While affirming nationality, we should not move towards another extreme of consecrating it.

关 键 词：当代文学批评 民族 非历史化 文化想象论 反现代性 

分 类 号：I207.9[文学—中国文学]