开展学龄儿童口腔健康教育的效果研究  

Effectiveness of a school-based oral health education program in school-aged children

作　　者：程春[1] 张仑[2] 赵今[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院牙体牙髓科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆医科大学第一附属医院肿瘤科

出　　处：《广东牙病防治》2014年第4期191-192,共2页Journal of Dental Prevention and Treatment

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划支撑项目(201333105)

摘　　要：目的探讨口腔健康教育对促进学龄儿童掌握口腔保健知识、实施口腔保健行为的效果。方法由口腔专业医师向120名小学二年级学生讲解口腔保健知识2次,每次1课时,分2周完成。在每次授课前后由不参与讲课的老师对学生口腔健康知识知晓率进行问卷调查,在第2周授课前后由非讲课的口腔专业医师检查、记录学生刷牙前后的菌斑牙面数,比较第2周授课前后的菌斑清除率。结果经第1次授课后学龄儿童的口腔保健知识知晓率较授课前明显提高(P<0.05):甜软食物对牙齿有害的知晓率由70.8%上升为97.5%,正确的刷牙方法是竖刷法的知晓率由73.3%上升为95.0%。第2次授课后每3个月应更换1次牙刷的知晓率由25.8%上升为100%,每次刷牙都在饭后的知晓率由55.0%上升为100%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第2周授课前后菌斑清除率分别为51.6%,63.2%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论由口腔专业医师讲授口腔保健知识课程可以使学龄儿童掌握正确的口腔保健知识,改正以往错误的口腔保健行为。Objective To assess the effectiveness of a school-based dental education program in improving oral health knowledge and oral hygiene practices in school-aged child. Methods A total of 120 second-graders were offered oral health education twice by a trained dentist and then oral health questionnaire surveys were conducted respectively before and after oral health education by non-lectured dentist, the dental plaque removal rate were compared before and after the second oral health education by dental plaque examination after brushing. Results The awareness of oral heath knowl- edge statistically improved after the first lecture （ P 〈 0.05 ） ： the awareness of negative impact of sugar contain food was improved from 70.8% to 97.5%, the awareness of effective tooth brushing was improved from 73.3% to 95.0%. The awareness of replace new tooth brush every three months was improved from 25.8% to 100%, the awareness of brushing after meal was improved from 55.0% to 100% , the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05 ）. Dental plaque re- moval rate after the second lecture and the choice of toothbrush in students were improved before and after health educa- tion （ P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The professional oral hygiene and oral health education could improve the oral health be- havior of school-aged children offered by a occupational dentist.

关 键 词：口腔保健知识 学龄儿童 口腔保健行为 卫生教育 牙科 学生 牙菌斑 

分 类 号：R780.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]