量化的运动与膳食指导在高血压患者中的应用评价  

Evaluating the effects of quantitative guidance for physical activity and dietary on patients with hypertension

作　　者：庄晓霞[1] 张晋昕[2] 宋叶[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市海珠区疾病预防控制中心慢病科,广东省广州510288 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2014年第2期178-181,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

摘　　要：目的观察量化的运动与膳食指导在高血压患者中的应用效果,为高血压社区综合防治提供科学依据。方法按便利抽样的方法在广州市海珠区南华西街抽取254例高血压患者作为研究对象,将研究对象随机分为常规组与干预组。常规组进行以集体宣教方式为主的健康教育干预及血压随访管理,干预组增加量化的运动与膳食指导进行干预。结果干预后干预组的体育锻炼率(77.95%)高于常规组(59.06%),食油量降幅(4.45 g)大于常规组(2.24 g),蔬菜摄入量的增幅(95.81 g)大于常规组(27.54 g),水果摄入达标率(70.87%)高于常规组(47.24%),体质指数降幅([0.69±1.23)kg/m2]大于常规组([-0.17±1.18)kg/m2],腹围减幅([1.83±3.90)cm]大于常规组([0.33±2.95)cm],收缩压降幅([7.71±13.57)mmHg]和舒张压降幅([5.34±10.69)mmHg]分别大于常规组([3.65±13.03)、(1.96±9.18)mmHg],高血压控制率(84.25%)高于常规组(64.57%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血压控制影响因素的logistic多因素回归分析结果显示,量化的运动与膳食指导、体育锻炼、低体质指数和按医嘱服药是血压控制的有利因素(P<0.05)。结论在以集体宣教方式为主的健康教育干预及血压随访管理的基础上,增加量化的运动与膳食指导,更能促进患者进行体育锻炼,合理摄入蔬菜水果,减少油的摄入,更能降低血压,提高高血压控制率,并能减小体质指数,缩小腹围。Objective To evaluate the effects of quantitative guidance for physical activity and dietary on patients with hypertension and to provide the basis for prevention and treatment of hypertension. Methods The convenient sampling method was used to select 254 hypertensive patients as the subjects from Nanhuaxi Street, Haizhu District, Guangzhou. The subjects were randomly divided into conventional group and intervention group. The health education and follow-up blood pressure management were performed in the conventional group. The quantitative guidance for physical activity and dietary were conducted in the intervention group. Results After the intervention, the exercise rate （77.95%）, amount of cooking oil drop （4.45 g）, vegetable intake increase （95.81 g）, fruit intake rate （70.87%）, decline of body mass index [（0.69±1.23） kg/m^2], abdominal circumference reduce [（1.83±3.90） cm], decline of systolic blood pressure [（7.71±13.57） mmHg], decline of diastolic blood pressure [（5.34±10.69） mmHg] and controlling rate of hypertension （84.25%） in the intervention group were significantly higher than those [59.06%, 2.24 g, 27.54 g, 47.24%, （-0.17±1.18） kg/m^2, （0.33±2.95） cm, （3.65±13.03） mmHg, （1.96± 9.18） mmHg and 64.57%] in the conventional group （P〈0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the quantitative guidance for physical activity and dietary, excise, lower body mass index and taking medicine were the beneficial factors of controlling blood pressure （P〈0.05）. Conclusion On the basis of health education and follow-up blood pressure management, the quantitative guidance for physical activity and dietary could improve the excise, reasonable intake of fruits and vegetables, oil intake reduce, decreasing blood pressure, higher controlling rate of hypertension and reducing body mass index or waist circumference in patients with hypertension.

关 键 词：高血压 量化 运动 膳食 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]