马铃薯营养物质分配对蕾花果脱落的影响  

EFFECTS OF NUTRIENT DISTRIBUTION ON THE ABSCISSION OF BUD,FLOWER AND BERRY IN POTATO

作　　者：王俊平[1] 门福义[1] 宋伯符[2] 王官茂 梁文胜 蒙美莲[1] 郭晓燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特市010018 [2]中国农业科学院 [3]内蒙古正丰马铃薯种业公司

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2001年第1期1-5,共5页Chinese Potato Journal

摘　　要：以乌H4 的母本 0 81和父本NS4 0 37为材料 ,通过田间和室内试验对马铃薯蕾花果脱落的一般规律进行了观察研究 ,并从解剖学和生理学方面对导致脱落的原因进行了深入研究。结果表明 ,马铃薯蕾花果脱落的一般规律为落蕾多于落花 ,落花多于落果 ;不同花序和同一花序不同位置上的蕾花果脱落不相同。花蕾发育过程中四分体以前花序营养状况 ,浆果发育过程中胚形成前浆果营养状况对脱落有主要影响 ,这两时期N、P、K等养分供应不足会严重影响花蕾和浆果的发育。导致养分不足的主要原因是马铃薯生育期间地上、地下两个营养中心养分竞争激烈。The abscission of bud,flower and berry was investigated in both field experiment and laboratory,using 081 and NS40 37,the female and male parents of Wu H4,as plant materials,and the reasons for the abscission were explained in anatomy and physiology.The buds broke off more easily than flowers and flowers than berries.The abscission percentage of buds,flowers and berries varied with different inflorescence or different buds in the same inflorescence.The nutrition status of inflorescence before tetrad formation during bud development and nutrition status of berry before embryo formation during berry development have an important influence on abscission.During these two periods,lack of N,P,and K would infuence the development of bud and berry.The main reason for the lack of nutrition was the intensive competition for nutrients between above ground and underground parts,the two nutrition centers,during the growth and development of potatoes.

关 键 词：马铃薯 脱落 蕾 花 果 生理规律 营养物质分配 营长生长 生殖生长 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]