身体活动建议演变:范式转换与量的积累  

The Evolution of Physical Activity Recommendation:Paradigm Change and Quantity Accumulation

作　　者：李文川[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国计量学院体育军事部,杭州310018 [2]上海大学社会学博士后流动站,上海200444

出　　处：《体育科学》2014年第5期56-65,共10页China Sport Science

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金项目(2013M531158);国家体育总局体育哲学社会科学一般项目(1625SS11033)

摘　　要：由政府或非政府组织制定的身体活动建议是公共政策的重要组成部分,在指导人们积极科学的参与身体活动、降低慢性疾病发病率和全因死亡率中发挥着重要作用。通过分析1972—2010年间由AHA、CDC、ACSM、WHO等组织制定或发布的身体活动建议,梳理身体活动建议发展脉络。研究认为,身体活动建议演变建立在新的"量剂效应"证据上,身体活动领域研究经历了"从经验到科学、从个体到公共健康"两次重要的范式转换;提高心肺机能和肌肉力量是身体活动建议的主要目标;推荐负荷从关注大强度、中等强度到"量的累积效应"的发现,使身体活动负荷的有效性和可接受性的平衡成为可能。研究建议,应尽快开展相关领域的系列研究为我国科学的进行身体活动提供实证支持;研究应遵循流行病学研究和随机对照试验的研究原则;身体活动负荷推荐应根据不同目的和对象。Physical activity recommendations organized by government or non-governmental or- ganizations were an important part of public policy. They played an important role in reducing incidence of chronic disease and all-cause mortality. This paper sort through the development of physical activity by analyzing the 1972--2010 developed by the AHA, CDC, ACSM, WHO and other organizations or physical activity recommendations. This paper suggested that the e- volution of physical activity recommendation based the new proofs of ＇dose-response~. And re search paradigm had been changed important ＂from experience to science, from individuals to public health＂. Improve heart and lung function and muscle strength was main objectives of physical activity recommendation. Recommended amount of exercise from a focus on high inten- sity, moderate intensity, to ＂cumulative effects＂ found that physical activity by balancing effica- cy and acceptability of possible. Research proposal related issues as soon as possible a series of studies provides empirical support for scientific participation in physical activity in China, research should follow the principle of epidemiologic studies and randomized controlled trials re search; physical activity recommended for different purposes and objects.

关 键 词：身体活动 建议 范式 量剂效应 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]