尖轨廓形对地铁道岔使用寿命的影响研究  

Study on Impact of Switch Rail Profile on Service Life of Subway Switches

作　　者：徐井芒[1] 王平[1] 徐浩[1] 陈嵘[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学高速铁路线路工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道学报》2014年第3期75-79,共5页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51078320);铁道部科技研究开发计划(2011G009;2012G013-A)

摘　　要：针对地铁折返线道岔伤损严重及使用寿命短等问题,利用有限元方法建立道岔区三维弹塑性轮轨接触计算模型,分析尖轨刨切部位轨距角半径对尖轨接触应力和内部应力的影响。模型中车轮型面采用实测磨耗状态LM型车轮型面。结果表明:轨距角半径从13mm增加到17mm,顶宽20mm断面接触应力最大值从1 170MPa增加到1 606MPa,其Von Mises应力最大值从528.33MPa增大至573.68MPa,进入塑性变形阶段,将导致尖轨的磨耗严重;顶宽35.5mm及其以上断面接触应力最大值变化较小,其Von Mises应力最大值却随之减小,且均处于弹性变形阶段;增大尖轨断面粗壮度可以改善其受力状态,延长使用寿命;综合考虑尖轨受力状态,轨距角半径为13mm时优于其他轨距角半径。In view of existing serious failures and short service life of switches of subway turnaround lines,a three-dimensional elastic-plastic model of wheel-rail contact for turnout zones was established by the finite ele-ment method to investigate the effect of radius of planing switch rail gauge corner on contact stresses and inter-nal stresses of switch rail.In the model,the measured wear profile of LM type was adopted for the wheel pro-file.The results show as follows：When the radius of rail gauge corner increases from 1 3 mm to 1 7 mm,for the section with the top width of 20 mm,the maximum contact stress increases from 1 170 MPa to 1 606 MPa and the maximum Von Mises stress increases from 528.33 MPa to 573.68 MPa,which means the plastic de-formation stage has been entered into,and this will lead to serious wearing of switch rails;for the section with the top width of 35.5 mm and above,the maximum contact stress is almost unchanged and the maximum Von Mises stress decreases,which means the elastic deformation stage has been entered into;an increase of the sec-tion top width can improve the stressing state of the switch rail so as to prolong its service life;the radius R=1 3 mm of the rail gauge corner is superior to other radii in comprehensive consideration of the stressing state of switch rail.

关 键 词：地铁道岔 轨距角半径 接触应力 Von Mises应力 弹塑性 

分 类 号：U213.63[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]