马铃薯淀粉接枝丙烯酸制备高吸水树脂的合成  

Preparation of Potato Starch-graft-acrylic Acid Superabsorbent Resin

作　　者：李桦军[1] 刘东辉[1] 王平艳[1] 耿佳芬 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学化学工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《化学世界》2014年第4期197-200,204,共5页Chemical World

摘　　要：马铃薯淀粉充分糊化后,以氧化-还原增效剂(CJ-1)为引发剂接枝丙烯酸(AA)单体制备高吸水性树脂。最大吸水率工艺参数为:引发剂0.75%(相对于AA的wt%)、交联剂0.25%(相对于AA的wt%)、中和度85%、马铃薯淀粉:AA(质量比,(g/g))=1∶4.5、反应温度60℃、交联温度120℃、交联时间3.0h。试样在蒸馏水条件下的吸水率为691.60g/g,5%NaCl水溶液条件下的吸水率为54.80g/g。热分析表明吸水树脂样品耐热性能较好,所吸水分主要以自由水的形式存在,同时含有一定量的结合水和束缚水。SEM图像表明马铃薯淀粉接枝共聚反应完全,树脂微观结构为多孔、深皱褶结构,有利于各方向的吸水和放水。Acrylic acid （AA） was grafted onto fully gelatinized potato starch for synthesizing potato starch- graft-acrylic acid superabsorbent by using redox synergistic agent （CJ-1）. The optimum conditions for ob- taining maximum water absorbency were as follows： the contents of initiator and cross-linking agent were 0.75% and 0.25%, respectively, based on the amount of monomer; the neutralization degree of acrylic acid was 85% ; the mass ratio of potato starch to acrylic acid was 1 ： 4.5（g/g） ; The temperature of graft- ing and cross-linking were 60℃ and 120℃, respectively; the cross-linking time was 3.0 h. The sample ex- hibited water absorbency of 691.60 g/g in distilled water and 54.80 g/g in 5wt% NaC1 solution, respec- tively. It was showed from the thermal analysis that the absorbent resin had a good heat resistance and wa- ter existed mainly in the form of free water besides a certain amount of bound water and irreducible water. SEM images indicated that the potato starch graft copolymerized completely and the microstructure of the resin was porous with deep wrinkles, which was beneficial to absorb or discharge water in all directions.

关 键 词：马铃薯淀粉 丙烯酸 吸水树脂 接枝聚合 

分 类 号：TQ324[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]