阶层差异职业性别隔离的影响机制——基于社会支配倾向视角  

The Mechanism of Occupational Segregation: A Social Dominance Perspective

作　　者：乔志宏[1] 郑静璐[1] 宋慧婷[1] 蒋盈[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学心理学院,北京100875

出　　处：《心理学报》2014年第5期691-701,共11页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"大学生就业能力的结构及其与就业结果的关系研究"(11BRK019)资助

摘　　要：从社会支配倾向的角度解释阶层差异职业性别隔离现象。研究1采用问卷调查法对性别、社会支配倾向和职业选择之间的关系进行检验。结果表明,男性更倾向于选择增加阶层差异的职业,而女性更倾向于选择减少阶层差异的职业。职业性别隔离存在自我选择机制。研究2通过模拟招聘对社会支配倾向、性别偏见和招聘偏见的关系进行了验证。结果表明,增加阶层差异的机构倾向于招聘男性应聘者,而减少阶层差异的机构倾向于招聘女性应聘者。性别偏见在社会支配倾向和招聘偏见之间起到部分中介的作用。The occupational segregation has been maintained for centuries in labor markets of various countries. Based on Social Dominance Theory, this research explained the occupational segregation phenomenon from social dominance orientation （SDO）. And the author also aims to figure out the effect of sexism in this process. Due to the fact that each person and institution has different levels of social dominance orientation （SDO）, men and women are inclined to choose the institutions whose values are identified with themselves. This process is called the self-selected mechanism of occupational segregation. Besides, when institutions face the choice of an employee, in order to maintain the priority of men, they do the same as individuals. According to Pratto et al, occupations can be divided into hierarchy enhancing ones and hierarchy attenuating ones. To explain more specifically, the hierarchy enhancing institutions are inclined to prefer men and the hierarchy attenuating institutions are more interested in women. It’s called the institution-selected mechanism of occupational segregation. We designed two studies to test the hypotheses above. In Study 1, the questionnaire survey was used to exam the relationship among gender, SDO and career choice. Data was collected from 187 students of Beijing Normal University. The result of Study 1 showed that men tended to choose hierarchy enhancing jobs and women tended to choose hierarchy attenuating jobs. Furthermore, SDO had a full mediating effect between gender and hierarchy jobs. The results indicated that occupational segregation had a self-selected mechanism, which means that men and women chose different jobs because of their different levels of SDO. In Study 2, an experiment was designed to test the relationship among SDO, sexism and hiring bias, in order to confirm the institution-selected mechanism of occupational segregation. 274 students from Beijing Normal University were recruited to do the tasks in study 2. They were asked to choose two resumes that bes

关 键 词：职业性别隔离 社会支配倾向 性别偏见 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]