基于斑马鱼和发光细菌评估制革废水毒性及其削减效率  

Evaluation of Tannery Wastewater Toxicity and Its Reduction Based on Zebrafish and Luminescent Bacteria

作　　者：陈文艳[1,2] 赵远[1] 郑国娟 马勇[3] 雷春生[1] 蔡强 

机构地区：[1]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,常州213164 [2]浙江清华长三角研究院,嘉兴314006 [3]浙江省环境监测中心,杭州310012

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2014年第2期358-366,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAF02B06);嘉兴市科技计划课题(2012AE1012);国家自然科学基金(51208068)

摘　　要：随着制革工业在我国的迅速发展,其导致的环境污染问题也逐渐受到人们的广泛关注。为评价制革废水的生物毒性以及处理工艺对毒性的削减效率,选择费氏弧菌、明亮发光杆菌、斑马鱼幼鱼及其胚胎作为受试生物,分析了制革废水的急性毒性和发育毒性,比较了不同受试生物对制革废水毒性的敏感性,并结合理化指标对废水的毒性削减进行了评估。结果表明:不同受试生物的敏感性大小为斑马鱼胚胎>明亮发光杆菌>斑马鱼幼鱼>费氏弧菌明亮发光杆菌>斑马鱼胚胎>斑马鱼幼鱼>费氏弧菌;发光菌及斑马鱼幼鱼急性毒性实验结果表明,制革废水经过整个工艺处理后,废水的急性毒性已降至检测线以下,即0TUa;斑马鱼胚胎毒性实验结果表明,经过处理的制革废水仍存在急性毒性,基础毒性当量为0.5 TUa,同时还对胚胎的发育存在一定影响,对胚胎孵化及畸形的毒性当量分别为0.7 TUa和0.13 TUa。综上可知,处理后的制革废水对环境的影响已得到初步的有效控制,但仍需进一步处理以达到更大程度削减毒性的目的。The environmental problems caused by the rapid development of leather industry in China, are re-ceiving more and more attention. In the present study, several organisms of Vibrio fischeri, Vibrio phosphore-urn, zebrafish larvae and embryo were applied to evaluate the acute and developmental toxicity of tannerywastewater, the removal rate of toxicity by treatment process and the sensitivity of different organisms to thetoxicity of tannery wastewater. The results showed that the sensitivities followed the sequence of zebrafishembryo 〉 Vibrio phosphoreum 〉 zebrafish larvae 〉 Vibrio fischeri. The acute toxicity of tannery wastewaterwas completely removed after the treatment of whole process according to the acute toxicity test of lumines- cent bacteria and zebrafish larvae （0 TUa）. However, the results from the toxicity study with zebrafish embryos showed that the final effluent of tannery wastewater after treatment still had acute toxicity （0.5 TUa） and de- velopmental toxicity （0.7 TUa to hatching rate, 0.13 TUa to malformation rate）. It is indicated that the toxicity of tannery wastewater was roughly removed by the present treatment process, but further treatment was still needed for complete toxicity reduction.

关 键 词：斑马鱼 发光菌 制革废水 毒性评价 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]