施肥量和榨菜移栽密度对苎麻/榨菜套作的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilizer Amounts and Cultivation Density on Ramie/Tuber Mustard

作　　者：邢虎成[1,2] 薛丽君[1] 马鑫[1] 马颖杰[1] 尚丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学苎麻研究所,长沙410128 [2]湖南省种质资源创新与资源利用重点实验室,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第12期239-243,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：湖南农业大学作物栽培学与耕作学青年基金项目"南方坡耕地苎麻蔬菜套作抗旱减灾关键技术研究"(2011-11);国家科技支撑计划子课题(2012BAD20B05-04)

摘　　要：为阐明在不同施肥量和移栽密度条件下,榨菜/苎麻套作后对榨菜和苎麻的影响。以多倍体1号苎麻和湘苎X1为材料,在长沙和桃源分别进行施肥量和榨菜移栽密度试验,研究了高肥、正常施肥量、低肥及榨菜低密度和高密度对榨菜产量、效益及苎麻农艺性状、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,苎麻农艺性状随施肥量的不同而不同,从产量来看:正常施肥处理产量>高肥处理>低肥处理;从平均断裂强度来看:正常处理>低肥处理>高肥处理;从单纤维支数表现来看:正常处理>高肥处理>低肥处理。榨菜随移栽密度的增加其产量和效益降低,密植榨菜可以提高苎麻的年产量。在正常施肥量(施727.5 kg/hm2复合肥)条件下,榨菜和苎麻的产量最高,经济效益最好。综合榨菜/苎麻的经济效益发现榨菜移栽密度株行距为50 cm×50 cm时的经济效益较好。The purpose of this study is to clarify the effects of different fertilizer amounts and cultivation density on tuber mustard and ramie. The experiments of different fertilizer amounts and cultivation density were conducted in Changsha and Taoyuan respectively, and Polyploidy No.1 and Xiangzhu X1 were used as the materials. We studied the effects of three fertilizer amounts （high, normal and low） and two tuber mustard cultivation density （high and low） on the tuber mustard yield, economic benefits and the agronomic traits, fiber yield and quality of ramie. The results showed that, the ramie agronomic traits varied according to fertilizer amounts. From the aspect of yield, normal fertilizer treatment 〉 high fertilizer treatment 〉 low fertilizer treatment. From the aspect of breaking strength, normal fertilizer treatment 〉 low fertilizer treatment 〉 high fertilizer treatment. From the aspect of single fiber count, normal fertilizer treatment 〉 high fertilizer treatment 〉 low fertilizer treatment. The yield and benefits of tuber mustard decreased with the increase of cultivation density. Ramie annual yield was improved by compact crop. Under the normal fertilizer treatment （727.5 kg/hm^2 compound fertilizers）, the yield of tuber mustard and ramie fiber and the economic benefits were the highest. Considering the ramie/ tuber mustard economic benefits, the optimum row spacing of tuber mustard cultivation density is 50 cm×10 cm.

关 键 词：苎麻 套作 榨菜 施肥量 密度 

分 类 号：S563.1[农业科学—作物学]