强环境规制对中国园艺产品出口竞争力影响的实证分析——基于环境投入产出表的测算  

An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Strict Environmental Regulations on China' s Horticultural Products Export Competitiveness —— Based on the Environmental Input-output Model

作　　者：彭可茂[1] 席利卿[2] 彭开丽[3] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学经济与贸易学院,广东广州510006 [2]仲恺农业工程学院经济与贸易学院,广东广州510225 [3]华中农业大学土地管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2014年第2期26-38,共13页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(11CJY074);国家自然科学基金资助项目(71303080);教育部基金资助项目(11YJC790211);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(S2013010013243);华南理工大学中央高校基本科研业务费重点培育项目(2014ZLTSPY06)

摘　　要：中国园艺产品向来是具有国际竞争优势的传统产品，而随着国外环境规制水平的普遍提高，本国的出口量出现了连年下滑，过去一味强调成本竞争力的做法已不再适用。本文以行业污染未支付成本作为环境规制强度的替代变量，以产品价格的增幅来衡量国际竞争力受影响的程度，利用环境投入产出模型测算了强环境规制对中国主要园艺产业国际竞争力的影响。结果发现：2005年以来产品价格涨幅逐年有所提高，茶叶及蔬菜类的增幅最为显著，分别达到8％与7％以上；水果类（落叶水果、亚热带水果、柑桔类）及瓜果类等产品的增幅在5％～7％左右；此外，分地区产品价格增幅的测算对外向型农业规划调整有参考意义。因此，强环境规制对园艺产品的价格水平是有一定影响的，未来为了扩大园艺产品的出口，必须在强环境规制下提升园艺产品的品质竞争力。Although Chinese horticultural products traditionally have low-cost competitive advantage, Export volume has been declining continuously because of the tightening environmental regulations in foreign markets. These environmental regulations become non-tariff barriers to entering a market and are often used as a means for trade protection. In face of the tightening environmental regulations, companies in China need to continuously improve the quality of their horticuhural products in order to stay competitive in the international marketplace. Based on the environmental input-output model, this paper uses industry pollution unpaid cost as an alternative variable for environmental regulation＇ s intensity in order to measure the effect of international competitiveness by increasing product price, and estimating the impact of strict environmental regulations on the international competitiveness of China＇ s major horticultural industries. More specifically, this paper first illustrates the input-output model using pollution control cost. Secondly, this paper uses the ＂output- value split method＂ and ＂elements split method＂ to calculate the investment in agricultural pollution control and agricultural sewerage charges levy in detail according to each industry in 2010, and compares the differences of consequences in two split methods. Thirdly, based on pollution governance unpaid cost data and value-added data of various horticultural industries, this paper assesses the magnitude of the impact of strict environment regulations on prices of various horticultural products. Finally, this paper analyzes price- change trend by using the data collected from five major horticultural products （deciduous fruit, subtropical fruit, vegetables, citrus, and tea） of 31 regions in the years 2005, 2008 and 2010. The results show that pollution control cost played a long-term stabile and increasingly influence on the price level of horticultural products during 2005 - 2010 annually and those industries with relatively h

关 键 词：强环境规制 环境投入产出模型 园艺产品 出口竞争力 价格 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]