随机供求下二级农产品供应链期权合同协调研究  

Option Contract of Two-echelon Agricultural Supply Chain with Random Supply and Demand

作　　者：孙国华[1] 许垒[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东财经大学管理科学与工程学院,山东济南250014 [2]南开大学商学院,天津300071

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2014年第2期201-210,共10页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71002077);山东省软科学研究计划资助项目(2011RKGB3012;2012RKB01364);教育部人文社会科学资助项目(10YJC630017);山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金资助项目(BS2011DX026)

摘　　要：提出了完全竞争市场下的单个供应商与零售商构成的两级农产品供应链模型,其中,供应商仅有一次投产机会且产出随机,零售商面临随机的市场需求。零售商在供应商投产之前下订单,在销售季节来临时零售商更新市场需求信息,并确定最终期权购买量;当供应商无法满足零售商订货,将通过现货市场等渠道补足。研究发现,期权合同能够增大供应链整体利润,并通过仿真分析了各参数对期权合同协调效果的影响,该项研究成果对农产品供应链的协调具有一定指导作用。Agricultural products are the necessity of our life,and support national economy and people＇s livelihood.Because of its long harvest time,the replenishment quantity is difficult to change in a short time.Influenced by natural disaster,price fluctuation,and other factors,the demand for agricultural products has high randomness.The supply and demand randomness are main characteristics of agricultural products.Because supply and demand are difficult to be predicted accurately,it is impossible to match supply and demand at the selling season.Supply chain members have to sell or purchase agricultural products in the spot market.However,prices and conditions in the spot market are not stable.Making decisions in the agricultural supply chain is different from those in the general supply chain because of these characteristics.Option contract is an effective risk-sharing mechanism.This paper investigates the possibility of improving the performance of agricultural supply chains by using option contract.Few studies combine agricultural supply chain with risk management.The current literature also neglects the effect of random supply and demand and spot market on the performance of agricultural supply chain.In this paper,a model of agricultural supply chain with a single supplier and a single retailer in a perfect-competitive market is proposed,in which the supplier only has one opportunity to produce one batch due to a long lead time.The supplier ‘ s yield and the retailer＇s market demand are both random.Before the supplier starts the production,the retailer places an initial order and purchases an option.At the selling season,the supplier procures stock-outs from the spot market if the final output cannot satisfy the retailer＇s order.In the first part,a decentralized supply chain without option contract is discussed.In this case,the retailer only has one opportunity to make order before the supplier starts production.After formulating both the retailer‘s and the supplier＇s profit functions,the retailer ‘s op

关 键 词：农产品供应链 信息更新 期权合同 供应链协调 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]