廊坊12岁儿童口腔健康状况及相关危险因素调查  

Investigation on oral health status of 12 years-old school children in Langfang City and its associated risk factors

作　　者：刘敏[1] 高萍[2] 孙鹏[1] 韩永成[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京口腔医院预防科,北京100050 [2]河北省廊坊市妇幼保健中心,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2014年第13期100-104,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项(编号首发2011-2014-03)

摘　　要：目的调查河北省廊坊市12岁儿童口腔健康状况及相关危险因素,为有针对性地开展口腔健康促进项目提供依据。方法采用横断面研究,采用分层、多阶段、整群抽样的方法从廊坊市广阳区、三河市、永清县、大厂回族自治县和文安县获得12岁儿童907名,进行口腔临床检查和结构式问卷调查。结果儿童患龋率为28%,龋失补牙数为0.51,龋补充填率为18%,第一恒磨牙窝沟龋坏占所有龋坏的77%,牙石检出率为29%。问卷调查结果显示,44%的儿童每天刷牙2次,45%的儿童报告有牙龈出血,认为自己有牙龈炎的比例是8%。有33%的学生报告从学校获取口腔卫生知识。结论 12岁儿童龋坏主要集中在窝沟,建议在适龄儿童中筛选高危人群开展窝沟封闭项目。儿童口腔卫生差,迫切需要口腔卫生指导。学校应该成为12岁儿童口腔健康教育的有效平台。Objective To investigate the oral health status and associated risk factors of 12 years-old school children in Langfang City, Hebei Province, in order to provide basis for development of targeted oral health promotion project. Methods Cross-sectional study was adopted. A multiple stratified and cluster randomized sampling method was used to gain 907 12 years-old school children from Guangyang District, Sanhe City, Yongqing County, Hui Autonomous County of Dachang and Wen＇an County of Langfang City. Oral health examination and structured questionnaire were used to collect related information. Results The prevalence of permanent caries was 28%, DMFT was 0.51, the percentage of filled teeth among filled and decayed teeth was 18%. The pit and fissure caries of first molar consisted of 77%, and the percentage of children with dental calculus was 29%. Questionnaire survey results showed that 44% of children report- ed to brushed teeth twice a day; the percentage of children reported gum bleeding was 45%; however, only 8% of chil- dren recognized they had gingivitis. 33% of children claimed they could gain oral health knowledge in school. Conclu- sion Sealant program is recommended for high caries-risk subgroup of 12 years-old school children based on the high prevalence of pit and fissure caries in first molar. School-based and integrated oral hygiene instruction program are ur- gently needed.

关 键 词：12岁儿童 龋齿 牙龈出血 

分 类 号：R780.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]