湘潭锰矿重金属污染湿地修复研究  

Research on Remediation of Heavy Metal Polluted Wetlands in Manganese Mining Areas of Xiangtan

作　　者：林杨[1] 王德明[2] 文仕知[3] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学风景园林学院 [2]中南林业科技大学商学院 [3]中南林业科技大学教务处,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第5期132-137,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家环保公益性项目:长株潭重金属矿区污染控制与生态修复技术研究(200909066);湖南省"十二五"重点学科风景园林学(湘教发[2011]76号)

摘　　要：湘潭锰矿矿区湿地在矿产开采过程中遭受严重破坏并退化成残存斑块,生态系统发生退化。为改善和恢复生态环境,开展湿地生态拦截系统建设和植物修复工程,结果显示:(1)生态拦截系统中潜流湿地Ⅱ出口处水样中Mn含量为0.120 mg/L,Zn含量为0.025mg/L,Cd含量为0.018 mg/L,Cu含量为0 mg/L,潜流湿地Ⅲ出口处水样中未检测出重金属,经过处理水样中的pH值显著升高。(2)湿地生境恢复中成功筛选9种重金属富集植物,其对锰吸附的能力顺序为:紫叶美人蕉(Canna warscewiezii)>再力花(Thalia dealbata)>苎麻(Boehmeria)>梭鱼草(Pontederia cordata)>香蒲(Typha orientalis)>水葱(Softstem bulrush)>德国鸢尾(Iris germanica)>夹竹桃(Nerium oleander)>芦苇(Phragmites australis)。生态拦截系统保护湿地免受重金属的污染,并为其它类型湿地修复起到指导作用。During the long-term mining of manganese ore for more than eight decades, wetlands in the manganese mining areas of Xiangtan city were seriously deteriorated, and fragmented into remnant pitches, resulting in ecosystem degradation. In this paper, a remediation project conducted in the wetlands, including the systems of ecological interception and phyto- remediation, was described. Following the remediation project was carried out the monitoring work which involved water quality and heavy metal concentrations in the plants. Thereafter, the results revealed that： （1）for the ecological interception system, heavy metals such as Mn, Zn, and Cd were detected at the outlet water of the subsurface constructed wetland Unit 2; however, at the outlet of the subsurface constructed wetland Unit 3, no heavy metal detected in the water; and meanwhile, a notable pH value elevation were found in the water samples taken at the outlet of the constructed wetlands; and （2）nine species of plants had been successfully screened for the remediation project, and the order of amount of Mn element absorbed by the plants was. Canna warscewiezii〉Thalia dealbata〉Boehmeria〉Pontederia cordata〉Typha orientalis〉Softstem bulrush〉Iris germanica〉Nerium oleander〉Phragmites australis. Thus, of the remediation systems, the ecological interception could play a critical part in protecting wetlands from heavy metal pollution.

关 键 词：湿地 湿地修复 生态修复技术 湘潭锰矿 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]