高速柴油机活塞热负荷仿真与结构优化  

Thermal Load Simulation and Structure Optimization of High Speed Diesel Engine Piston

作　　者：宁海强[1,2] 崔宇峰[1] 黄兴华[1] 谢元文[1] 

机构地区：[1]镇江船艇学院,江苏镇江212003 [2]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2014年第5期195-197,共3页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51076069);江苏省博士研究生科研创新资助项目(CXZZ11_0562)

摘　　要：为解决某四缸高速柴油机因活塞高温导致拉缸问题,在实测活塞工作温度的基础上,利用温度拟合法模拟计算活塞温度场,计算结果与实测温度良好吻合。将模拟计算结果作为温度载荷对活塞进行热负荷有限元分析:活塞头部和活塞裙部在直径方向上热变形均大于配缸间隙,活塞工作中热负荷过大是发生拉缸的真正原因。根据分析结果,对活塞结构进行适当的改进并进行模拟计算。结果表明:改进后活塞头部和第一环槽最高温度分别降低了23℃和26℃,验证了结构改进的合理性,避免拉缸故障的发生。In order to solve scraping cylinder of the four-cylinder high speed diesel engine,which was caused by the higher piston temperature,based on the measurement of piston temperature,the piston temperature field was numerically simulated using temperature fitting method,and the calculated results were well agreement with the measured temperature.According to the temperature field,the piston thermal distortion was analyzed using finite element method：the thermal deformation of piston head and piston skirt in radial direction is larger than the interval between piston and cylinder.So the actual reason for scraping cylinder is the excessive thermal load when piston is under working conditions.According to the analysis results,the piston structure was appropriately improved and the temperature field was simulated again.The results show that the maximum temperature of the improved piston head and the first ring groove piston had decreased 23℃ and 26℃ respectively,which validated the rationality of the structural improvement and avoided the malfunction of scraping cylinder.

关 键 词：高速柴油机 活塞 热负荷 仿真 强化冷却 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]