试论核心词及其类型  

On Core Words and Their Types

作　　者：赵世举[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学文学院

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（人文科学版）》2014年第3期63-70,共8页Wuhan University Journal (Humanity Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(08BYY034)

摘　　要：所谓核心词,就是词汇系统的核心部分。但对其性质、范围、标准等根本问题的认识,分歧颇大。主要症结在于把核心词绝对化了,忽视了其相对性和多样性。其实,核心词有不同的层次和类型。从语言基础来看,有单语核心词、多语核心词和全语核心词;从存在状态看,有语言核心词和语用核心词;从时间维度看,有共时核心词和历时核心词;从语域看,有通语核心词和方言核心词;从词汇地位看,有轴心核心词和边缘核心词等。这些不同类型的核心词既相联系,又相区别。Briefly speaking, the so-called core words are the essential part of lexicon system. But the essential knowledge on their features,range,criterion,and so on,differs widely and thus causing ambiguity in theory and difficulty in operation. The major problem lies in the absolutization of core words,neglecting their relativity and diversity. As a matter of fact,there exit different layers and types in core words. According to our primary exploration, from the aspect of language basics, there are monolingual core words, multi-lingual core words and whole language core words; from the aspect of their existence, there are language core words and pragmatic core words; from the aspect of time dimension, there are synchronic core words and diachronic core words; from the aspect of register, there are universal core words and dialectal core words; from the aspect of lexicon status, there are axis core words and marginal core words, etc. These various core words are related to each other as well as different from each other.

关 键 词：核心词 常用词 高频词 基本词汇 

分 类 号：H319.3[语言文字—英语]