略论王阳明对朱熹“格物致知”思想的批评  

On WANG Yang-ming's Criticism of ZHU Xi's Theory in“Obtaining Knowledge by Investigation of Things”

作　　者：侯帅[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学政治与公共管理学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第2期98-101,共4页Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：河南省2011年软科学研究计划项目(112400450459);河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究项目(2011-ZX-113)

摘　　要：在朱熹看来,所谓"格物致知"即是由"即物穷理"而"豁然贯通"。他的这种阐释是儒家对格物致知解读的主要代表思想。王阳明也深受其影响。在"庭前格竹"失败的刺激之下,王阳明他对朱熹思想进行了彻底检视,认为朱熹的阐释析"心""理"为二,"务外遗内",导致了其践行的失败和当时学术道德风尚的下滑。就朱熹而言,他的确把"心""理"区分开来,但并没有把二者对立起来,而是认为二者在根本上是相通的。他在注重穷及外物的同时,也讲求"反求内省"。因此,王阳明对朱熹的批评有失妥切公允,他把朱熹思想与其庭前格竹以及学术道德风尚的滑坡勾连起来也显唐突。From ZHU Xi＇s aspect, the theory of ＂Obtaining Knowledge by Investigation of Things＂ is to ＂explore and understand everything＂ in order to ＂understand the thorough meaning suddenly＂. This interpretation is a major representation of the understandings of ＂Obtaining Knowledge by Investigation of Things＂. WANG Yang ruing was affected as well. After the failure of ＂investigating bamboo in the front court＂, WANG made a thorough survey on ZHU Xi＇s thoughts, assuming that ZHUXi＇s interpretation of Mind and Truth and investigation of external affairs and ignorance of internal affairs results in his practical failure and the declination of academic and moral ethos. In ZHU Xi＇s views, he indeed separated Mind from Truth, hut he regarded both interconnected, instead of setting in opposition. He focused on the investigation of everything in the natural world as well as the exploration of internal thoughts. Therefore, WANG Yang ming＇s criticism of ZHU Xi is not appropriate or fair. It is abrupt to link ZHU Xi＇s thoughts and his investigation bamboo in the front court with the declination of academic and moral ethos.

关 键 词：格物致知 即物穷理 豁然贯通 遗外务内 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]