基于熵率值的驾驶人视觉与心理负荷特性分析  

Drivers' Visual Characteristics and Mental Load Based on Entropy Rates

作　　者：彭金栓[1] 高翠翠[2] 郭应时[3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学交通运输工程重点实验室,重庆400074 [2]烟台汽车工程职业学院,山东烟台265500 [3]长安大学汽车运输安全保障技术交通行业重点实验室,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《重庆交通大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第2期118-121,共4页Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178053);重庆市科委基础与前沿研究计划项目(cstc2013jcyjA30015);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJ130425);重庆交通大学校内科学基金项目(2012KJCⅡ-015)

摘　　要：为明确驾驶经验对视觉特性与心理负荷的影响机理,选择合适的被试驾驶人,设计了城市道路环境下的驾驶行为提取试验。划分兴趣区域,引入注视熵率值的概念,分析了熟练程度及交叉口不同通行方式对驾驶人视觉特性的影响,并探析了驾驶经验对驾驶人心理负荷的影响特性。研究表明:熟练驾驶人的视觉搜索频率高于非熟练驾驶人;交叉口的不同通过方式中,左转时的搜索频率显著高于右转及直行;相似环境下,熟练驾驶人的心理负荷低于非熟练驾驶人。研究结论对驾驶人熟练程度评价及驾驶适宜性检测等具有重要的理论指导意义及实际应用价值。In order to analyze the influence of driving experience on drivers ＇ visual characteristics and mental load, appro- priate drivers were selected in the test, and driving behavior extraction experiments in urban road environment were designed. The interest areas were rationally divided, and the concept of fixation entropy rate was also introduced. The influence of proficiency level and different pass modes at the intersections on drivers＇ visual characteristics was analyzed, and the impact of driving experience on drivers＇ mental load was then discussed. Results show that ： the experienced drivers＇ visual search frequency is higher than the unskilled drivers; during different passing modes at the intersections, visual search frequencies of left turn modes are remarkably higher than those of straight-going and right turn; in similar driving en- vironment, the experienced drivers＇ mental load is lower than unskilled counterparts. Research conclusions provide theoreti- cal guidance to drivers＇ proficiency evaluation and driving suitability test and it is practical and useful.

关 键 词：交通工程 熵率值 驾驶人 视觉特性 心理负荷 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]