股骨颈骨折内固定手术简史  

A brief history of internal fixation of femoral neck fracture

作　　者：梅炯[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属同济医院创伤骨科,上海200065

出　　处：《中华医史杂志》2014年第2期101-105,共5页Chinese Journal of Medical History

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目：股骨头及髋周血供的三维数字化模型建立与临床应用研究（81271991）

摘　　要：1858年,德国外科医师VonLangenbeck采用镀银螺钉完成了世界第1例股骨颈骨折内固定手术.1875年,德国医生Franz K（o）nig在消毒后,成功利用金属螺钉实施股骨颈内固定术.1883年,美国外科医生Nicholass Senn提出了股骨颈骨折都应手术治疗的观点,但未能得到广泛认可.1931年,美国医生Smith-Petersen和他的同事发表了股骨颈骨折切开复位三翼钉内固定的治疗结果.随后,瑞典医生Sven Johansson、美国医生H.Heyward Wescott分别于1932年和1934年为闭合三翼钉内固定手术设计了相应的手术辅助器械.1941年,AAOS建议对股骨颈骨折使用三翼钉内固定.1976年,The British Medical Research Council指出,三翼钉不适用于有移位的股骨颈骨折.1980年,Asnis空心螺钉开始使用,并沿用至今.20世纪40年代,孟继懋和叶衍庆相继开展三翼钉内固定术治疗股骨颈骨折.1989年,危杰首先在中国就用AO空心钉治疗股骨颈骨折.此后,空心加压螺钉治疗股骨颈骨折在全国范围内得到了广泛的推广.In 1858,a German surgeon named Von Langenbeck did the first internal fixation of femoral neck fracture （FNF） with metal silver screw.In 1875,a German doctor Franz K？ nig did the same operation successfully with metal screws under antiseptic condition.In 1883,an American surgeon,Nicholass Senn suggested that all of the FNF should be treated by operation,but the proposition was not accepted extensively.In 1931,Smith-Petersen from the USA and his colleagues first published the report on the result of open reduction and internal fixation of FNF by the use of trifin nail.Due to the help of auxiliary appliance designed separately by the Swedish Sven Johansson （1932） and American H.Heyward Wescott （1934）.In 1941,the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons （AAOS） advocated the technique of trifin nail for its internal fixation.However,in 1976,the British Medical Research Council pointed out that the trifin nail was not suitable for the displaced FNF.The Asnis cannulated screws appeared in 1980,that is still in use today.In the 1940s,Chi-mao Meng and Yan-qing Ye started to treat FNF with trifin nail.In 1989,Jie Wei cured the FNF with cannulated screws produced by AO company first,which was extensively applied nationwide soon.

关 键 词：骨折 股骨颈 内固定 三翼钉 空心加压镙钉 

分 类 号：R-09[医药卫生]