独立车轮与钢轨磨耗问题分析  

Analysis of Wear Problem Between Independent Wheel and Rail

作　　者：马贺[1] 张军[1] 张剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《大连交通大学学报》2014年第3期5-9,共5页Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University

基　　金：教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20112124110002);辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(201202023);牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(TPL1212)

摘　　要：利用轮轨型面测量仪测量不同磨耗阶段的独立车轮型面和磨耗后钢轨轨头型面,分别建立直线段、曲线段和具有一定冲角的三维有限元接触模型,研究了不同磨耗阶段的车轮与磨耗后钢轨的接触问题,通过对几种轮轨模型的弹塑性接触计算,总结了不同模型的接触斑面积、接触法向力、接触等效应力的变化规律.结果表明:随着运行时间的增加,最大接触等效应力变小且趋于稳定;轨距加宽影响车轮磨耗部位的改变,影响轮轨的磨耗规律;具有一定冲角的车轮与钢轨接触,最大接触等效应力产生于轮缘与轨侧接触处,冲角对轮轨磨耗的影响相当严重.Different wear stage of the independent wheel and the worn rail head profile were measured by using wheel-rail profile admeasuring apparatus to establish the line segment,the curve segment and a certain attack angle of three dimensional finite element contact model respectively. The different wear stage of the wheel and the worn rail contact problem were studied. Through several kinds of wheel / rail contact models of elastic-plastic contact calculation,the contact spot area,contact normal force,Equivalent Von Mises Stress change rules of different models were summarized. The results show that with the increase of operation time,the maximum Equivalent Von Mises Stress becomes smaller and stable,and track gauge widening affects the change of wheel wear parts and the influence of wheel / rail wear rules. When the wheel / rail with a certain angle of attack contact,the maximum Equivalent Von Mises Stress appears in the flange and rail lateral contact place,and the influence of attack angle on the wheel / rail wear is quite serious.

关 键 词：独立车轮 轮轨接触 磨耗 有限元 冲角 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]