重读《桃源梦》——善化之邦的崩解与反面乌托邦的兴起  

Rereading The Dream of the Peach Garden:The Demise of Utopia and the Rise of Dystopia

作　　者：耿传明[1] 杨博雅[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第3期28-36,共9页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(07BZW052)

摘　　要：《桃源梦》是新时期文学中出现较早的一部反面乌托邦小说。它完整展示了"天外天"以善为本的道德理想国由产生到崩溃的全过程,着力表现一种将乌托邦的逻辑推到极致后所发生的逆转。这也正表现出其作为反面乌托邦小说的特质,即对道德理想主义乌托邦的可取性、可行性的消解和质疑。现代建构主义的道德乌托邦的产生与社会转型期出现的道德崩溃、精神沦亡有关,它是针对现代性的文化世俗化趋势而出现的一种反弹和超越,其失败的根源则在于其矫枉过正的超人性的道德偏执。《桃源梦》在反面乌托邦小说中占据一个独特而重要的地位,其原因乃在于它深刻揭示了人们在对理想社会的追求中所遭遇的深刻的、内在的人性困境,从而将对道德乌托邦的反思引向了深入。The Dream of the Peach Garden is a dystopian novel that has emerged relatively early in recent literature. It completely depicts the rise and the demise of the ＂Tian Wai Tian,＂ a moral republic that is built on the nature of virtue. It represents a reversal that is invoked when the logic of utopia is pushed to its extreme-a typical feature of dystopian novels that question and deconstruct the applicability and feasibility of idealistic moral utopia. The rise of modern constructionist moral utopia is related to the moral degeneration and spiritual disillusionment that appear in the transitional period of the society. It is a rebellion against and transcendence over the cultural secularisation in modernity, and its failure roots in its over-insistence on super-human morality. The significant role The Dream of the Peach Garden played in the genre of dystopian novels lies in the novel＇ s insightful exposure of the profound internal human dilemma people experience in their pursuance of an idealistic society, and in the novel＇ s contribution to the deepening of people＇ s reexamination of moral utopia.

关 键 词：道德乌托邦 反面乌托邦 人性困境 文化寓言 

分 类 号：I207.42[文学—中国文学]