淀粉基生物质发泡材料发泡倍率的影响因素  

The Influencing Factors of the Expansion Ratio of Starch-Based Biomass Foaming Material

作　　者：曾广胜[1] 陈三梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学包装与材料工程学院,湖南株洲412007

出　　处：《包装学报》2014年第2期1-5,共5页Packaging Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61174100);湖南省科技计划基金资助项目(2010JT4039);湖南省教育厅产业化培育基金资助项目(12CY015);湖南省自然科学杰出青年基金资助项目(13JJ1024)

摘　　要：利用植物纤维增强玉米淀粉复合材料的熔融共混挤出发泡试验,通过对样条径向膨胀率的测试,研究了挤出压力、挤出速率、加热温度、含水率对复合发泡材料发泡倍率的影响。结果表明:复合材料的发泡倍率随挤出压力的增大而先增大后减小,当挤出压力为80 MPa时,发泡倍率达最大值,为14.8;随着挤出速率的升高,材料的发泡倍率呈非线性变化,当挤出速率为20 cm/s时,发泡倍率达最大值,为14.8;材料的发泡倍率随加热温度的升高而先增大后减小,当加热温度为135℃时,发泡倍率达最大值,为13.8;材料的发泡倍率随含水率的增加而先增大后减小,当含水率为13%时,发泡倍率达最大值,为13.8。分析材料相关参数与发泡倍率的相关变化曲线,总结其作用机理,对优化材料的加工工艺有着重要意义。With glycerin as the plasticizer, the wood fiber as the reinforcement, corn starch as the substrate, PVA as binder, AC/ZnO as foaming agent, wood fiber reinforced corn starch composite materials were prepared by melt blending method. The influences of extrusion pressure, extrusion rate, heating temperature and moisture content on the composite foam＇ s foaming ratio were researched. The results showed that the expansion ratio of the composite materials firstly increased but then decreased later with the increase of extrusion pressure, when the extrusion pressure was 80 MPa, expansion ratio reached a maximum of 14.8. With the increase of extrusion rate, the change trend of material expansion rate was nonlinear, with the extrusion rate of 20 cm/s, expansion ratio reached a maximum of 14.8. With the increase of heating temperature, the expansion rate of the material firstly increased but then decreased later, and when heating temperature reached 135 ℃, expansion ratio reached a maximum of 13.8. The expansion rate of the material firstly increased but then decreased later with the increase of moisture content, and when the moisture content was 13%, foaming ratio reached a maximum of 13.8. Summarizing the mechanism and analyzing the changing curve of the related parameters and the foaming ratio were of great significance for optimizing the processing technology of materials.

关 键 词：发泡倍率 挤出压力 挤出速率 加热温度 含水率 

分 类 号：TQ321.5[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]