高风险必备产品制造企业的政府干预研究及对中国的启示——基于美国制药业的分析  

Government Intervention on High-risk Essential Product Manufacturers: A Case Study Based on the American Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry

作　　者：赵春江[1] 王晨[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨商业大学财政与公共管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150028 [2]德克萨斯A&M大学化学工程系,美国德克萨斯州大学城77843

出　　处：《统计与信息论坛》2014年第5期66-71,共6页Journal of Statistics and Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目<面向复杂环境的公共政策仿真可信度研究>(71073037)

摘　　要：高风险必备产品诸如基础药品、特种化工材料等物品如果短缺可能对整个社会造成严重甚至是灾难性的后果。因此,政府有责任制定政策和措施来帮助相关企业,以维持相应物品的市场供应。通过建立企业在政府政策和扶持措施的帮助下进行生产规划决策的模型,分析政府调控政策和扶持措施的效果。鉴于美国制药行业相关数据典型性、成熟性和公开透明,以此行业为范例进行数学建模和分析。通过模拟仿真分析政府预先采购,以及销售季后回购对企业决策的影响,为中国制定相关政策提供了数据参考和定量分析的依据。Manufactures engage with high financial risk for producing high-risk products that are essential for the society.If the government attempts to solve such problem by intervention policies,it must balance between the economics of manufactures and the government investment and this is the primary problem of this paper.The manufacturer is the center of the proposed model and it also includes other affecting factors such as the market and the government.Besides the market price and demand,the manufacturer＇s production plans are also affected by government pre-order and buy-back.In this case,the manufacturer＇s profit（or negative loss）is a piece-wise linear function of the output.The problem can be formulated by a linear programming problem.Simulation results indicate that government intervention can reduce manufacturers＇ financial risk and keep a certain production output.The significance of this work is analyzed at last.

关 键 词：高风险必备产品 政府干预 条件风险价值 线性规划 

分 类 号：F276[经济管理—企业管理]