利用茭白叶栽培大球盖菇的配方筛选与菌株比较试验初报  

Primary study on screening of optimumStropharia rugoso-annulata strains and suitable cultivation medium with Zizania latifolia leaves

作　　者：周祖法[1] 闫静[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市农业科学研究院,杭州310024

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2014年第3期293-296,共4页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：浙江省重点科技创新团队(食用菌)滚动支持项目(2009R50029)

摘　　要：为发展大球盖菇生产,合理利用茭白叶这一农业废弃物资源,解决茭白叶随处堆放造成的污染问题,本试验以纯稻草配方为对照,添加不同比例茭白叶的7个配方栽培大球盖菇3个不同菌株,进行配方和菌株双因子试验。试验结果表明:3个供试菌株中菌株A1菌丝生长情况和产量表现最好,其次是A2,A3;添加茭白叶会在一定程度上影响大球盖菇的生长,特别是对大球盖菇菌丝生长不利。但是,添加茭白叶不超过60%,对大球盖菇产量的影响在P<0.01和P<0.05水平差异均无统计学意义。因此,利用茭白叶栽培大球盖菇最好选择A1菌株,并且添加茭白叶的量不宜超过60%,这样既不影响大球盖菇的产量,也可以充分利用茭白叶资源。对大球盖菇而言茭白叶虽然不是一种很好的培养原料来源,但是利用茭白叶栽培大球盖菇可以作为农业废弃物处理的方式加以利用,从而减少茭白产区茭白叶到处堆放造成的环境污染。Stropharia rugoso-annulata is an edible fungi with strong physiological activity and resistance, which can be cultivated by using rice straw, water bamboo leaves, wheat straw, and other agricultural waste resources. Zizania latifolia is the largest in the planting area of aquatic vegetables in Zhejiang Province, which was developed rapidly in recent years, and the area was more than 2 667 million square meters. Consequently, a large area of water bamboo planting has produced large amounts of water bamboo leaves, which is a waste of resources and environmental pollution by dumping and incineration, resulting in ecological and economic pressure. At present, the use of rice straw in planting S. rugoso-annulata has been already very mature. In this study, the best cultivation scheme and formula was determined through the comparison of applying different proportions of water bamboo leaves in the culture of S. rugoso-annulata strains, with the rice straw as the control, in order to provide scientific basis for production of S. rugoso-annulata. In order to improve the cultivation of S. rugoso-annulata and reduce the pollution caused by Z. latifolia leaves, three different S. rugoso-annulata strains were cultivated on seven mediums containing different proportions of Z. latifolia leaves to select the best strain and suitable cultivation medium. The results indicated that strain A~ showed the best mycelial growth and yield, followed by strain A2 and A3 Z. latifolia leaves affected the growth of S. rugoso-annulata in a certain degree, especially for mycelial growth, but no significant effect （P〈0.05） was observed when the proportion was less than 60%. Therefore, the strain A1 cultivated on substrates with no more than 60% of Z. latifolia leaves would be an appropriate cultivation pattern, which can make full use of the wasted Z. latifolia leaves without significantly affected yield of S. rugoso-annulata. It is suggested that the leaves of Z. latifolia are not a good resources for S. rugoso-annulata cultivation, b

关 键 词：茭白叶 大球盖菇 菌株 菌丝生长势 菌丝生长速度 产量 

分 类 号：S759.81[农业科学—森林经理学] Q949.329.81[农业科学—林学]