驾驶员产生事故倾向性的心理因素及易感基因分析  

Analysis of Psychological Factors and Susceptibility Genes of Drivers' Accident Proneness

作　　者：王晓敏[1] 杨莉[1] 黄开勇[1] 苏华斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学公共卫生学院,南宁市530021

出　　处：《广西医学》2014年第5期634-636,共3页Guangxi Medical Journal

基　　金：广西自然科学基金资助项目(2013GXNSFDA019017)

摘　　要：目的研究驾驶员产生事故倾向性的心理因素及易感基因。方法采用病例对照研究方法,选取5年内发生3次(以上)责任事故的驾驶员46例为病例组(均为男性),另选择同期未发生交通事故的同性别、年龄、驾龄、驾驶车型等均衡可比的驾驶员46例为对照组。采用A型行为量表(TABP)和艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)量表进行心理评定;采用限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)技术对候选基因5-羟色胺转运体基因启动子区(5-HTTLPR)进行基因型及等位基因检测。结果病例组驾驶员A型行为、精神质(P)和情绪性(N)因子得分均高于对照组(P均<0.05),而掩饰性(L)因子得分低于对照组(P<0.05);驾驶员的年龄与外向性(E)评分呈正相关关系(P<0.01);驾龄与E、P、N及A型行为评分均呈正相关关系(P均<0.05),而与L因子呈负相关关系(P<0.05)。病例组与对照组间5-HTTLPR基因的基因型构成及等位基因频率分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经单因素及多因素logistic回归分析显示,精神质是驾驶员事故倾向性的危险因素(P<0.01),5-HTTLPR基因型及等位基因与驾驶员事故倾向性有关(P<0.05)。结论驾驶员A型行为、个性特征及5-HTTLPR基因与其事故倾向性有关;精神质是驾驶员事故倾向性的危险因素。Objective To explore the psychological factors and susceptibility genes of the drivers ′accident proneness .Methods A case-control study was performed by using type-A behavior questionnaire （ TABP） and Eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ） scale.Forty-six male drivers who had 3 accidents or more in 5 years were in the case group ,and another 46 male drivers who had not accident in 5 years with similar age ,driver′s experience and vehicle type as the drivers in the case group were in the control group .The genotype and allele of 5-HTTLPR gene were detected by PCR-RFLP technique .Results The scores of type-A behavior questionnaire , psychoticism （ P ） and neuroticism （ N ） were significantly higher in the case group than those in the control group （all P〈0.05）,but lies（L） score for case group was lower than the control （P〈0.05）.There was a positive correlation between driver′s age and extroversion （E） score（P〈0.01）.The driver′s experience positively correlated with E ,P,N and type-A behavior scores （all P〈0.05）, but negatively correlated with L score （P〈0.05）.There were significant differences in the frequencies of the genotypes and alleles of 5-HTTLPR gene between case group and control group （ P〈0.05 ） .Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that psychoticism was the risk factor for driver′s accident proneness（P〈0.01）,and 5-HTTLPR genotype and allele were associated with driver′s accident proneness（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Accident proneness of the drivers is associated with type-A behavior,personality traits and 5-HTTLPR gene.The psychoticism is the risk factor for driver′s accident proneness .

关 键 词：驾驶员事故倾向性 心理因素 5-羟色胺转运体基因 

分 类 号：R749.99[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]