氧气与盐度对港西某油井本源微生物的影响  

Impacts of Oxygen and Salinity on the Growth of Indigenous Microorganisms in an Oil Field in Gangxi

作　　者：蔡珉敏[1] 田伟[1] 王瑞霞[1] 王飞[1] 姚俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100086

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2014年第3期7-11,共5页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家国际科技合作项目(2010DFB23160)

摘　　要：为了探索绿色、环保、经济的微生物采油技术在大港港西某油井的基本理论参数,本文通过PCR-DGGE技术和微量量热技术,开展了在好氧激活本源微生物技术下,氧气的进入对油藏本源微生物细菌群落的影响以及本源微生物生长的适宜盐度范围的试验研究.结果表明：氧气的进入对油藏本源微生物细菌群落将构成很大的影响,在10 d的培养期内,氧气表现出了很强的选择作用,其促进了一些好氧或兼性细菌的快速生长,同时也抑制了厌氧细菌的生长,此后不同时期的本源微生物细菌群落表现各不相同,但其多样性水平差异不大,可能是因为微生物代谢过程的连续反应、微生物之间的拮抗和协同作用等;微生物的热功率输出曲线因盐度的不同而表现出很强的规律性,通过对其相关参数的计算、拟合及分析,得到大港港西被测油井的本源微生物好氧激活生长的最佳盐度条件为2 000～5 000 mg/L,较佳盐度条件为0～10 000 mg/L,而当盐度大于50 000 mg/L时,微生物活动基本停止,不适于好氧激活技术的应用.This paper investigates the impacts of salinity and oxygen on the growth of indigenous microor- ganisms in an oil field in Gangxi by PCR-DGGE and microcalorimetry with the purpose of understanding the technology of microbial enhanced oil recovery （MEOR） which is environmentally friendly and of low- cost. The result of PCR-DGGE shows that the structure of bacteria community in indigenous microorgan- isms greatly changes during 10 days,which would be attributed to the aerobic condition that can help some kinds of aerobic and facultative bacteria grow very well and prevent the growth of anaerobic bacteria. The structure of bacteria community changes at certain level after ten days,but the biodiversity parameters are similar. This phenomenon may result from petroleum biodegradation, antagonism and synergistic effect. The results of microcalorimetry experiments show the heat output curves of indigenous microorganisms are regular under different salinity conditions. According to parameters of the curves, the optimal salinity for the growth of indigenous microorganisms is 2 000-5 000 mg/L,and the normal salinity is under 10 000 mg/L. The microorganisms can hardly grow when the salinity is above 50 000 mg/L.

关 键 词：本源微生物 氧气 盐度 PCR-DGGE技术 微量量热技术 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] TE357.9[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]