不同生长阶段哈氏仿对虾消化酶及非特异性免疫酶的活性研究  

Studies on Activities of Digestive Enzymes and Nonspecific Immune Enzymes of Parapenaeopsis hardwickii at Different Growth Stages

作　　者：刘永士[1,2] 施永海[1,2] 张根玉[1,2] 徐嘉波[1,2] 谢永德[1,2] 严银龙[1,2] 陆根海[1,2] 邓平平[1,2] 张宗锋[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市水产研究所 [2]上海市水产技术推广站,上海200433

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第14期19-25,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字(2010)第1-4号);上海长江口主要经济水生动物人工繁育工程技术研究中心(13DZ2251800)

摘　　要：为了探讨哈氏仿对虾在不同生长阶段的营养需求及非特异免疫能力。分别于哈氏仿对虾养殖的第0、10、17、21、34、63、77、90天采集样品,测定哈氏仿对虾（Parapenaeopsis hardwickii）肝胰腺中消化酶（酸性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶）以及非特异性免疫酶（酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、超氧化物歧化酶）活性。结果表明：哈氏仿对虾肝胰腺中消化酶和非特异性免疫酶活性随生长而发生显著变化。碱性蛋白酶活性在养殖10天出现微弱的波峰,至17天降至最低,至90天达到最大。酸性蛋白酶活性在养殖第0天未检出,从第10天开始,持续升高,至63天活性最高。淀粉酶与脂肪酶活性均呈现“波浪式”变化,淀粉酶活性在0天最高,34、77天出现两个波峰。脂肪酶活性在90天最低,波峰出现在21、77天。酸性磷酸酶与超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性均在21天最低,随后开始上升,分别在77天与63天开始下降;碱性磷酸酶活性在17天最低,63天最高;可在哈氏仿对虾养殖前期0~21天（体长小于36.00 mm）与养殖后期（63天始,体长大于57.85 mm）投喂的饵料中添加适量的免疫增强剂来提高非特异性免疫酶活性。The aim of this trial was Parapenaeopsis hardwickii at different to investigate nutritional ＇requirement and nonspecific immunity of growth stage. Large sums of samples collected at different times （day 0, 10, 17, 21, 34, 63, 77, 90 after culture） were used to evaluate the activities of digestive enzymes （acid protease, alkaline protease, amylase, lipase） and nonspecific immune enymes （acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, superoxide dismutase） of Parapenaeopsis hardwickii in hepatopancreas.The results showed that the activities of digestive enzymes and nonspecific immune enzymes in hepatopancreas of Parapenaeopsis hardwickii changed significantly with the shrimp growth. Alkaline protease activity reached to the highest peak at 10 day and the minimum and maximum were found at 17 and 90 days. Acid protease activity was not detected at 0 day and the highest activity was found at 63 day. The activities of amylase and lipase fluctuated in wave-like curves. Amylase activity reached to the maximum level at 0 day, and two peaks were detected at 34 and 77 days,respectively. Lipase activity reached to the two peaks at 21 and 77 day and the lowest level was at 90 day. Both of acid phosphatase and superoxide dismutase activities reached to the low at 21 day, after that, they began to dropped at 77 and 63 day, respectively. Alkaline phosphatase activity reached to the lowest and highest levels at 17 and 63 day, respectively. The nonspecific immunoenzyme activities of Parapenaeopsis harbwickii could beenhanced by adding adequate immunostimulants to bait before 21 day （body length〈36 mm） and after 63 day （body length 〉 57.85mm） of the culture period.

关 键 词：哈氏仿对虾 生长阶段 消化酶 非特异性免疫酶 

分 类 号：S964[农业科学—水产养殖]