草甸草原牧草青贮料氨基酸组成特点与营养价值研究  

Study on Amino Acid Characteristics and Nutritive Value of Silages in Hulunbeir Grassland

作　　者：那亚[1,2,3] 王宗礼[2] 孙启忠[2] 花梅[1,2] 王红梅[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]中国国家图书馆,北京100081

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2014年第3期84-89,共6页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201203042)

摘　　要：对呼伦贝尔草甸草原区46种主要牧草分别进行青贮处理,置室内贮藏45d后开袋取样,进行粗蛋白含量和氨基酸组成的测定,并采用氨基酸评分（AAS）和必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）对其氨基酸的组成特点和蛋白质的营养价值进行了评价研究。结果表明：46种牧草青贮样品粗蛋白质和总氨基酸（TAA）含量分别为6.85%~23.67%和6.15%~20.41%,其中豆科、菊科和禾本科青贮样品TAA含量顺序为豆科〉菊科〉禾本科;必需氨基酸（EAA）含量为2.39%~9.56%,EAA/NEAA（总非必需氨基酸）值高于60%同时EAA/TAA值高于40%的样品占到了89%;含硫氨基酸（蛋氨酸＋半胱氨酸）、异亮氨酸和色氨酸为呼伦贝尔草原46种主要牧草青贮样品的主要限制氨基酸;46种牧草青贮样品AAS低于40分的牧草只有3种,EAAI值高于0.95的牧草有40种。聚类分析结果表明,豆科牧草和禾本科牧草青贮饲料的蛋白质品质较为稳定。综合分析,46种主要牧草青贮样品中,豆科、禾本科及菊科牧草蛋白质营养特点较为相近,豆科牧草青贮样品的营养价值最高。46 Herbages on Hulunbeir meadow steppe were ensiled, and crude protein and amino acids composition were detected, and characteristics of amino acids composition and nutritive value of protein were evaluated by amino acid score （AAS） and essential amino acid index （EAAI）. The results showed that,crude protein and total amino acids （TAA） contents of 46 silages ranged from 6. 85% to 23.67% and 6.15% to 20.41% separately. TAA contents of in more than 6 herbages decline.d in the order： Leguminosae〉Asteraceae〉Gramineae. Essential amino-acids contents （EAA）varied from 2. 39% to 9. 56%. 41 herbages were with EAA/NEAA and EAA/TAA higher than 60% and 40% separately. Met,Cys,Ile and Trp were the limited amino acid. Among 46 forages,3 herbages were with AAS lower than 40,and 40 grasses with EAAI higher than 0.95. Comprehensive evaluation suggested silages of Leguminosae,Gramineae and Asteraceae on Hulunbeir meadow steppe were with similar protein nutritive value,and Leguminosae silages were the best.

关 键 词：草甸草原 青贮饲料 氨基酸 营养价值 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]