沧州地区地下水碘分布特征及其成因浅析  

Distribution characteristics and cause analysis of iodine in groundwater of Cangzhou Region

作　　者：张媛静[1] 张玉玺[1] 向小平[1] 孙继朝[1] 李亚松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《地学前缘》2014年第4期59-65,共7页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：中国地质科学院基本科研业务费资助项目(SK201108);国家重点基础研究发展计划'973'项目(2010CB428806-2);国土资源大调查项目(1212011220982)

摘　　要：碘是合成甲状腺激素的重要原料,碘缺乏或摄入碘过量均会诱发甲状腺类疾病,饮水碘含量以及日常配碘对于甲状腺疾病有着重要的影响。已有资料显示华北平原东部地区为地下水高碘地区,然而,具体的分布情况及成因尚不清楚。本研究在沧州地区选择东光—南皮—沧州市—青县典型剖面开展了地下水碘分布及配碘情况调查,共采集了61组地下水样品进行碘化物含量分析,分析显示深层地下水相对浅层地下水碘化物浓度分布有较好的规律性,并且黄骅坳陷区深层地下水中碘含量明显高于沧县隆起区地下水碘含量。结合水文地质条件、构造运动、古气候条件等,分析认为自第四纪以来发生的六次海侵运动导致地层中大量存在富碘的海生动植物,受环境条件变化的影响,碘逐渐由分子态转化为离子态,进入地下水中,使深层地下水中碘化物浓度升高,不同的区域地下水淋滤及聚集条件也成为控制地下水中碘化物浓度分布的主要因素。同时结合配碘调查结果提出在沧州市祝庄子村以北的地下水高碘区,由于以地下水作为主要供水水源,应停止食用加碘盐。该项成果对于保护居民身体健康,防止甲状腺类疾病的发生具有重要的意义。Iodine is an important raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormones;iodine deficiency or intake of excess iodine could induce thyroid disease;daily taking reasonable edible iodized salt has an important effect on the prevention and treatment of thyroid diseases.Existing data show that high iodine groundwater exists in eastern north China plain,and,however,the distribution characteristics and formation mechanism are not clear yet.This work selected typical section from Dongguang-Nanpi-Cangzhou-Qingxian in Cangzhou Region and carried out the investigation of the field geological condition and the use of edible salt.Sixty-one groundwater samples were collected to test the iodine and it was found that the distribution of iodine concentration in deep groundwater had good regularity in comparison with shallow groundwater,and the concentration of iodine in deep groundwater in Huanghua depression area were significantly higher than those in Cangxian uplift area.Considering the hydrological geological conditions,tectonic movement and ancient climate conditions,we found that the transgressive movement had happened six times since the quaternary,which led to a large amount of marine animals and plants being rich in iodine existing in the formation;then,affected by the change in environmental conditions,the iodine transformed from molecular state into ionic state gradually and moved into the groundwater,causing the iodine concentration increased in the deep groundwater;which is the main mechanism controlling the iodine concentration distribution in groundwater.The survey work suggested that people living in north and east of zhuzhuangzi village in Cangzhou,where are the high iodine groundwater regions and the groundwater is their main water source,should stop taking edible iodized salt.It is of great significance for the protection of the health of the residents and preventing thyroid diseases.

关 键 词：沧州 高碘地下水 成因分析 配碘建议 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]