水温与雌二醇对中国大鲵幼体生长与肝的影响  

Water Temperature and Estradiol Affect the Growth and Liver of the Chinese Giant Salamander Larvae,Andrias davidianus

作　　者：龚旭东[1] 田英芳[1] 梁刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710062

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2014年第3期376-383,共8页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：陕西省水利科技计划项目(No.2012-2-21)

摘　　要：为探讨水温与外源17β-雌二醇（E2）暴露对中国大鲵（Andrias davidianus）幼体生长的影响，设置了3个水温、2个E2暴露浓度与3个暴露时间交互处理共18组，并在3个水温下设置了3个对照组，每组幼鲵20尾，分别在出膜143、182、248天称量各组幼鲵体重。为进一步探寻E2对幼鲵生长影响的原因，在出膜143天对幼鲵的肝进行了组织切片观察。结果表明，幼鲵在（20±1）℃水温下生长最快、在（13±1）℃生长次之、在1～16℃生长最慢；在（20±1）℃水温下，外源E2暴露对幼鲵生长具有一定的抑制作用，且暴露时间越长、抑制作用越强，暴露剂量越大、抑制作用越大；E2暴露浓度为25μg／L的幼鲵极少数肝细胞质内出现了脂肪空泡，肝血窦有所扩大；E2暴露浓度为250μg／L的幼鲵约30％肝细胞与细胞核肿大、细胞质中出现脂肪空泡、被覆存肝实质表面的上皮细胞向肝实质内迁移、肝血窦扩大等。本文认为，E2暴露对幼鲵肝组织结构造成的损伤，可能是抑制幼鲵生长的主要原因。To explore the influence of water temperature and 17β-estradiol （E2 ） on the growth of the Chinese giant salamander larvae, Andrias davidianus, and to further reveal the mechanism of E2 effect on the growth of the larvae, eighteen groups formed by factors interaction among three water temperatures, two E2 concentrations and three exposure periods, were analyzed. There were totally twenty one groups in the experiment when considering three control groups without E2 at different water temperatures. Three water temperatures were 1 - 16℃ （drawing natural river water into experimental cement pool） , （ 13 ± 1）℃ and （20 ± 1 ）℃ ; two E2 concentrations were 25 μg/L and 250 μg/L; and three E2 exposure periods were 40, 80 and 120 days, respectively. The post-hatching 60-day larvae were selected for experiment, and twenty larvae were fed in the cement pool which contained 40 liters of water as a group. The weight of the larvae was calculated at 143, 182 and 248 days after post-hatching. One-way ANOVA and LSD multiple comparison analysis were used to average weight of the larvae in different groups. In addition, eight post-hatching 143-day larvae exposed to E2 for 40 days were randomly chosen from control, 25μg/L E2 and 250 μg/L E2 groups at （20 ± 1 ） ℃ , and the livers for microstructure observation. The results showed that the growth of larvae was fast at （20 ± 1 ）℃ , less fast at （13 ±1）℃, and the slowest at range of1-16℃ （P〈0.01, Fig. 1 and 2）. E2 had adverse effects on the growth of larvae at （20 ± 1 ） ℃ ; in addition, the toxicity of E2 increased with the exposure time and concentration （P 〈 0.01, Fig. 1, 2 and 3） ; vacuolization in hepatic cells and enlargement in hepatic sinusoid were observed in the liver at 25 μg/L E2 （ Fig. 4b）. Moreover, epithelium cells in the liver capsule migrated into the inner tissue in 250 μg/L E2 group （Fig. 4c）. The growth of larvae might be inhibited by liver damage, which was probably caused by E2.

关 键 词：大鲵幼体 水温 17Β-雌二醇 生长 肝 

分 类 号：S966.6[农业科学—水产养殖]