高稠原油乳化降粘剂的研制  

Viscosity Reducer by Emulsification for Heavy Crude Oils

作　　者：钱建华[1] 刘琳[1] 张连红[1] 

机构地区：[1]抚顺石油学院材料科学系,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《抚顺石油学院学报》2001年第1期17-19,共3页Journal of Fushun Petroleum Institute

摘　　要：复配了一种用于注蒸汽开采稠油的耐高温乳化降粘剂 ,该降粘剂采用阴离子、非离子表面活性剂、少量无机盐和水按一定比例配制而成 ,使用时 ,将该降粘剂稀释成水溶液 ,并以一定的比例与稠油混合 ,搅拌后使稠油乳化 ,并在相同条件下 ,选用不同的降粘剂 ,对其降粘性能进行测试和对比试验 ,结果表明 :该降粘剂降粘性能好 ,降粘率大于 99% ,且耐高温 ,当温度达到 3 0 0℃时 ,其降粘衰减率小于 0 .1 %。在蒸汽条件下 ,利用该高温下稳定的高效降粘剂 ,高温下乳化稠油 ,降低粘度 ,且温度在 50℃左右时 ,原油乳化效果理想 ,确保不形成油包水型乳状液 ,同时有效地乳化了原油中的胶质、沥青质、蜡质以解除由其产生的堵塞 ,改善了高稠原油的开采和输送性能 。The viscosity reducer of tolerant high temperature for heavy oils is prepared to be used in cyclic steam injection, the viscosity reducer is prepared from anionic surfactant, nonionic surfactant, a few inorganic salt and water in fixed proportion. After the viscosity reducer being diluted to aqueous solution, it and heavy oil are mixed by fixed ratio. Then heavy oil is emulsified after agitating. The different reducing viscosity are selected and contrast test are done at the same condition. The results show that the viscosity reducer is high reducing viscosity property, the ratio of reducing viscosity is more than 99%, the decrease ratio of reducing viscosity is lower than 0.1% at 300°C. In high temperature, the viscosity reducer emulsifies heavy oil by cyclic steam. When the temperature is about 50°C, the viscosity of crude oil do not increase, it insure that water in oil emulsion does not formed, it emulsifies efficiently gelatinoid, asphaltene and wax in crude oil and eliminates blockage, and it has improved in crude production and transport, it raise the output for oil well.

关 键 词：采油 乳化 稠油 降粘剂 表面活性剂 热力驱油 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TE357.44