美国《2014年科学与工程指标》概论——知识技术密集型产业和研发投入  

Overview of Science and Engineering Indicators 2014——Knowledge-& Technology-Intensive Industries and R&D Investment

作　　者：罗青[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术部,北京100862

出　　处：《全球科技经济瞭望》2014年第4期11-15,20,共6页Global Science，Technology and Economy Outlook

摘　　要：2014年2月,美国国家科学理事会发布了《2014年科学与工程指标》报告。该报告对近年来美国及其他国家和地区在科学、工程和技术、教育及经济领域的发展态势进行了定量分析。报告《概论》对有关内容进行了总汇,综合分析了国际社会与美国科技领域的发展情况。涉及知识技术密集型产业和研发投入的数据显示:2012年,全球知识技术密集型产业占GDP的比重为27%,美国达到40%;2011年,美国研发投入达4 291亿美元,居全球第一,中国投入2 082亿美元,居全球第二;1991—2011年间,中国的研发强度从约0.5%增至1.84%,韩国更是从约1.8%增至4.03%,美国从约2.7%增至2.85%。数据说明:知识密集型产业在科技活动中的分量很重;尽管美国的研发强度增长缓慢,但从研发投入看,美国仍是世界科技发展的火车头。In February 2014, the U.S. National Science Board issued the report of Science and Engineering Indicators 2014, which analyzes quantitatively the trends of science, technologies, engineering, education and economies in the U.S. as well as in some other countries and regions, with an overview brieifng the report and illustrating a general picture of the scientiifc and technological developments in the international community and in the U.S. In terms of knowledge-＆amp;technology-intensive industries （KTI） and R＆amp;D investment, it is witnessed that, in 2012, KTI occupied 27%of global GDP, and 40%of GDP in US;in 2011, the U.S. invested$429.1 billion in R＆amp;D, ranking no. 1 in the world, followed by China with$208.2 billion;during the period of 1991-2011, the R＆amp;D intensity of China jumped from about 0.5%to 1.84%, while Korea from 1.8%to 4.03%, U.S. from 2.7%to 2.85%. As shown by the data, KTI plays an important role in science and technology activities;U.S. increases its R＆amp;D intensity at a slow rate, nonetheless it is still the locomotive for the scientiifc and technological advancement in the world.

关 键 词：美国 科学与工程指标 知识技术密集型产业 研发投入 

分 类 号：F279.1[经济管理—企业管理] G311[经济管理—国民经济]