上海市农民工子女学校高年级小学生早餐行为现状  

Breakfast practices among 4th and 5th grade pupils of migrant schools in Shanghai

作　　者：王群[1] 史慧静[1] 张博林[1] 张喆[1] 李梦娜[1] 江小小 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院/复旦大学公共卫生安全教育部重点实验室,上海200032

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2014年第4期502-504,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：上海市公共卫生重点学科建设计划(12GWZX0301)

摘　　要：目的了解上海市农民工子女学校高年级小学生早餐行为现状,为开展学校健康促进工作提供依据。方法以班级为单位,多阶段整群抽取上海市9所农民工子女学校四~五年级小学生共2 995名,采用自编式结构问卷调查学生早餐频率、地点和食物构成。结果 65.0%的被试每天吃早餐,其中72.9%的在家里吃早餐。被试早餐食用米面制品的比例为68.9%,新鲜蔬菜为23.6%,新鲜水果为16.3%,肉、蛋、鱼类为15.0%,豆类及其制品为37.6%,牛奶和其制品为42.8%。82.4%的被试早餐中仅含有1~2类食物,14.5%含有3类食物,仅有3.1%含有全部4类食物。相比男生和四年级学生,女生、五年级学生早餐质量更差（P值均〈0.01）。结论上海市农民工子女学校高年级小学生坚持每天吃早餐的比例较低,且早餐质量欠佳;应着重开展早餐行为的健康促进。Objective To investigate the breakfast practices among 4th and 5th grade pupils in migrant schools in Shanghai,in order to provide evidence for the health promoting in schools. Methods A total of 2 995 migrant students of 4th and 5th grade were selected from 9 migrant schools in Shanghai by multi-stage cluster sampling. Their habitual breakfast practices were collected via self-administered questionnaire. Results About 65. 0% of the participants had breakfast every day,and 72. 9% ate breakfast at home. Participants ate rice / flour products,vegetables,fruits,animal foods,beans / bean products,milk / milk products at breakfast accounted for 68. 9%,23. 6%,16. 3%,15. 0%,37. 6%,42. 8%,respectively. About 82. 4% of the participants ate one or two kinds of food at breakfast,while 14. 5% had three and 3. 1% had four. The girls’ breakfast quality was lower than boys’,whereas students from 5th grade lower than 4th grade（ P ＆lt; 0. 01）. Conclusion There are still 35% of the pupils who are in 4th and 5th grade do not eat breakfast. It is needed to develop the school-based health promoting on breakfast practices.

关 键 词：农村人口 饮食习惯 营养状况 学生 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R155.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]