毛喉鞘蕊花种子萌发特性及其形态结构研究  

Seed morphology,structure,and germination feature of Coleus forskohlii

作　　者：王龙飞[1] 黄晓[1] 李伟松 邹鹏程 方颖[1] 陈树和[1] 刘焱文[1,2] 余坤[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北中医药大学药学院/中药资源与中药化学重点实验室,湖北武汉430061 [2]湖北福人药业股份有限公司博士后流动站,湖北通城437400

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2014年第5期1211-1213,共3页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.31270405);中国博士后科学基金(No.2013M542003)

摘　　要：目的探讨毛喉鞘蕊花种子(小坚果)形态特征和萌发的影响因素,考察其最适发芽条件及发芽特性,为该药材规范化种植育苗提供参考依据。方法以毛喉鞘蕊花种子为研究对象,比对研究不同光照、温度和发芽床对种子萌发的影响;利用扫描电镜观察果实表面形态,采用常规石蜡切片法制片,光学显微镜观察内部构造。结果喉鞘蕊花种子置于25℃、暗室、滤纸面芽床的环境条件下发芽率最高;小坚果表面细胞呈多边形,并有瘤状突起;石蜡切片可见2枚肥厚子叶及胚的形态结构,种子无胚乳;种子吸水后周围出现浅棕色粘液层,新生幼苗全株被浓密毛茸。结论毛喉鞘蕊花成熟种子最适萌发条件为25℃、暗室、滤纸面芽床的环境,且种子吸水后出现黏液层为萌发的必要的条件。在实际生产中选择最优发芽条件促使种子萌发再播种,可得到整齐一致的幼苗。Objective This study was designed to investigate seed （nutlet） morphology, structure, and germination feature of Co- leus forskohlii,which could provide a reference for standardized seedling cultivation. Methods Seeds were exposed to different light, temperature, and seed germination bed, and then germination was measured. The nutlet surface was observed by scan electron microscopy, and routine paraffin section and then light microscopy was employed to investigate the internal structure. Results The germination rate was highest in the following condition：25 ~C, darkness, and filter paper surface. The surface cell of nutlets exhibi- ted polygon and tumor - like projections. Embryo with two hypertrophic cotyledons rather than endosperm could be clearly seen from paraffin sections. Light brown mucus layer appeared around seeds when plunged into water, and the trichomes covered densely on the newborn seedling surface. Conclusion The optimum germination conditions of Coleus forskohlii seeds were darkness at the temperature of 25℃ with the germination bed of filter paper surface. The appearance of mucus layer was required for germination. Laying seeds under the optimum conditions to promote germination before planting is suggested to obtain uniform seedling in the field.

关 键 词：毛喉鞘蕊花 种子萌发条件 表面形态 发芽过程 内部构造 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]