留守与非留守儿童监护人健康素养比较分析  

Comparative analysis on health literacy in guardians of left-behind and unleft-behind children

作　　者：胡琼伟[1] 裴秀梅[2] 盖若琰[1] 徐凌忠[1] 卜令寒 汪心海 韩超[1] 郭彬[1] 袁云[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院卫生事业管理与妇幼卫生学系,山东济南250012 [2]潍坊市妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2014年第6期764-766,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81202225)

摘　　要：目的了解农村留守与非留守儿童监护人健康素养差异情况,为进行农村留守儿童身心健康干预提供理论依据。方法随机整群抽取山东省聊城市高唐县735名学龄前儿童监护人进行健康素养问卷调查。结果 735名学龄前儿童中,留守儿童269人,占36.6%,非留守儿童466人,占63.4%;监护人知晓每年要健康体检1次的占57.7%,知晓保健品不能代替药品的占76.2%;了解孩子近期膳食情况的占41.5%,平时给孩子服用营养保健品的占28.0%,平时注重孩子饮食营养搭配的占78.6%,平时给孩子购买食物时注重营养价值和卫生状况的占43.8%;留守与非留守儿童监护人健康素养比较,其中健康生活方式、保健食品不能代替药品、膳食要清淡少盐、避免超重与肥胖、饭菜要熟食、生熟食品要分开存放和加工、孩子出生后要预防接种、每年要做1次健康体检、注重饮食营养搭配、购买食物选择营养和卫生10项差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与非留守比较,留守儿童监护人部分健康素养知识、态度及行为欠佳,有待进一步提高。Objective To examine health-related knowledge, attitude and behavior among guardians of left-behind and unleft-behind preschool children and to provide a basis for conduction health intervention among rural left-behind children. Methods Using random cluster sampling, we selected 735 guardians of preschool children in Gaotang county of Shandong province for a questionnaire survey on health literacy. Results Totally 269 guardians（ 36.6% ） of left-be- hind children and 466（63.4% ） of unleft-behind children were involved in this survey. The ratio of the guardians knowing the necessity of annual health examination was 57.7% and there were 76.2% of the guardians not knowing that health food could not be used as a medicine,58.5% not knowing dietary status of their children during a recent period,whereas there were 28.0% of the guardians giving nutritional supplementations to their children ,78.6% concerning about nutrional diet for their children, and 43.8% concerning about nutrition and hygienic status when buying food for their children. Compared with the guardians of unleft-behind children, the guandians of left-behind children had a lower level of health literacy. There were significant differences between the guardians of left-behind and unleft-behind children in knowledge about health life style, no substitution of medicine with health food,low salt in diet, prevention of overweight and obesity, avoidance of uncooked food, seperation of cooked food from uncooked food, vaccination of the newborn, annual health examination,nutrition collocation of diet,and concerns of nutrition and hygienic status when buying food（ P 〈0.05 for all）. Conclusion The health knowledge, attitude and behavior of guardians of left-behind children are not as good as those of guardians of unleft-behind children and need to be improved.

关 键 词：儿童监护人 健康素养 知识 态度 行为 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]