法官澄清义务研究  

Study on the Judge＇s Clarity Duty

作　　者：龙宗智[1] 孙末非[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学法学院

出　　处：《南京大学法律评论》2014年第1期333-345,共13页Nanjing University Law Review

摘　　要：法官澄清义务以发现客观真实为目的，以法官的积极作为为表现形式。澄清义务由法官对辩方的诉讼关照义务、对控方一定的释明权、法官庭上积极的查证责任，以及庭外调查取证责任组成。在我国现阶段研究澄清义务，有助于体现审判中心主义原则，扭转法官在庭审中不合理的倾向性，提高简易程序事实认定的准确性，保证法官变更诉讼罪名的合理性。未来澄清义务将强调协助性和补充性，淡化义务色彩，成为对被告权利的有力保障。我国法官履行澄清义务应作为检察机关履行证明责任的补充手段，在不改变原证据构造的前提下对存疑证据进行调查核实。法官应积极履行关照义务，特别是基本权利告知义务。辩方申请法官收集对己有利的证据，能够证明证据存在并提供取证线索的，法官应尽量允许。增加法官庭外调查言词证据的手段，强化检察机关和侦查机关配合法官取证的义务。The judge＇s clarity duty is implemented for discovering the truth of the case and in the form of active actions. This duty comprises of interpretation right, and the investigation both in the courtroom and Out-of-court by judge. The purpose of studying the duty includes establishment of judgment centralism, turning the unreasonable situation around, finding fact in summary procedure, and rationality of modifying the charges. Assistance, complement, non-compulsory request, and protection of defendant will be the characteristics of clarity duty in future. The judge＇s clarity duty should complement the burden of proof which is implemented by parties. Launch an investigation without transforming Pre-existing Evidential structure. Duty of judge on Notification, especially the disclosure obligation should be fulfilled. Investigate the evidence in favour of defendant as its authority if relevant clues have been found. Grant investigation demand from defendant who proof the existence of evidence and supply the clue to acquire them. Add inquiry and calling to the investigative tools of judge. Strengthen the responsibility of public prosecutor and investigator to assist judge＇s investigation.

关 键 词：澄清义务 诉讼关照义务 查证责任 法官庭外调查取证 

分 类 号：D925[政治法律—诉讼法学]